FASE PERKEMBANGAN PARIWISATA DI DESA WISATA KAMPUNG FLORY KABUPATEN SLEMAN, YOGYAKARTA

ZHARFA SYARAFINA, Dr. Subando Agus Margono, M.Si

2019 | Tesis | MAGISTER ILMU ADMINISTRASI PUBLIK

Kampung Flory merupakan desa wisata yang dirintis diresmikan pada tahun 2018. Ada dua zona dalam Kampung Flory yaitu zona taruna Tani Flory dan zona Dewi Flory. Pada awalnya Kampung Flory dirintis sebagai sentra pembibitan dan budidaya tanaman buah unggul dan tanaman hias untuk memasok kebutuhan tanaman di wilayah Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Namun seiring berjalanya waktu, kampung flory bertransformasi menjadi sebuah destinasi wisata unggulan di Yogyakarta. Adanya Kampung Folry berdampak positif terhadap pengembangan ekonomi desa dan pertumbuhan sektor pariwisata. Berdasarkan hal tersebut peneliti tertarik untuk menganalisis mengapa kampung flory bisa menjadi best practice dalam pembangunan desa wisata, sehingga dapat diketahui bagaimana faktor keberhasilannya. Peneliti menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif deskriptif dengan pendekatan studi kasus. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di desa wisata Kampung Flory, Kabupaten Sleman. Peneliti menggunakan model empat fase perkembangan desa wisata oleh Miossec dikombinasi dengan faktor perkembangan desa wisata melalui analisis komponen Jaringan Transportasi, Fasilitas, Perilaku Wisatawan dan Peran Stakeholder. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Kampung Flory masuk fase 4 dalam komponen transportasi karena didukung oleh konektivitas transportasi dan penyediaan aksesibilitas yang optimal dan memenuhi tiga persyaratan yaitu: mudah dicapai, aman dan nyaman. Dalam komponen fasilitas, Kampung Flory berada pada fase 3 karena terdapatnya spesialisasi kawasan atau zonasi sesuai kapasitas daya tarik bagi kawasan dan didukung oleh fasilitas penunjang wisata yang optimal sehingga berdampak pada kepuasan dan peningkatan kunjungan. Dari komponen perilaku wisatawan, berada pada fase 3 dilihat dari tingginya jumlah kunjungan wisatawan, banyaknya aktivitas yang dapat dilakukan wisatawan menurut spesialisasi zonasi, aspek hospitalitas atau intangible products berupa pelayanan yang diberikan oleh pengelola dan penyaji wisata yang mampu menciptakan kepuasan dan persepsi bagi wisatawan. Sedangkan dalam komponen peran stakeholder berada pada fase 3, perkembangan Kampung Flory disebabkan oleh pengelolaan destinasi yang memiliki kontrol yang terencana melalui progam akselerasi dan perencanaan jangka pendek, menengah, dan panjang agar konsisten berkembang; memiliki organisasi yang memiliki hierarki, menjalin kelembagaan dengan baik antar pokdarwis, pemerintah dan instansi lain; serta didukung oleh banyaknya strategi dan usaha promosi yang dilakukan oleh pengelola Kampung Flory.

Kampung Flory is a new tourism village pioneered and inaugurated in 2015. Kampung Flory has two attraction zones, namely Taruna Tani and Dewi Flory by providing show rooms, training, education, plant care services, selling ornamental plants, outbound, culinary, and traditional games. This tourism village was originally pioneered as a center for breeding and cultivating superior fruit plants and ornamental plants to supply plant in DIY. In a short time, now Kampung Flory has been transformed and has developed into a new leading tourist mascot in the Yogyakarta region. With a very high amount of income and number of tourist visits every month. Kampung Flory is the hope for the formation of independent village and brings benefits to the development of the village economy and the entire community. For its success, the Sleman Regency Government proposed it as a popular new national-level tourist attraction that was included in the Indonesian Enchantment Award Category Award carried out by the Ministry of Tourism. For its success in a short time, researchers are interested in examining why Kampung Flory can be a best practice in terms of rural tourism development which has been seen from the rapid development, so that the reasons can be known or the lessons learned in the process of development and management. This study uses qualitative research method with a case study approach. Case studies are carried out by carefully investigating tourism activities, management and development processes in Kampung Flory. Qualitative research is used to explore empirical phenomena by producing descriptive data through primary and secondary data sources. This study uses a four-phase model of tourist village development by Miossec combined with village tourism development factors through an analysis of the components of the Transportation Network, Facilities, Tourist Behavior and Stakeholder Roles. To prove that Kampung Flory is in stage three or four and answer whether Kampung Flory is developing rapidly because it is supported by these four components. The results show that Kampung Flory entered phase 4 in the transportation component because it is supported by transportation connectivity and provided optimal accessibility and fulfilled three requirements, namely: easy to reach, safe and comfortable. In the facility component, Kampung Flory is in phase 3 because of the presence of regional or zoning specializations according to the capacity of attraction for the region and supported by optimal tourism support facilities that have an impact on satisfaction and increased visits. From the component of tourist behavior, in phase 3, seen from the high number of tourist visits, the number of activities that tourists can do according to zoning specialties, hospitality aspects or intangible products in the form of services provided by tourism managers and presenters are able to create satisfaction and perception for tourists. Whereas in the component role of stakeholders in phase 3, the development of Kampung Flory is caused by the management of destinations that have planned control through acceleration and short, medium and long term planning programs to be consistently developed; have organizations that have hierarchies, establish good institutions between Pokdarwis, government and other agencies; and supported by the many strategies and promotional efforts carried out by the managers of Kampung Flory

Kata Kunci : Desa Wisata, Fase Perkembangan, Kampung Flory, Pokdarwis