PREPARASI, KARAKTERISASI KATALIS Co/gamma-Al2O3, Ni/gamma-Al2O3, Zn/gamma-Al2O3 DAN APLIKASINYA DALAM HIDRORENGKAH Alfa-SELULOSA

PRILY ARIEFIANTI, Prof. Dr. Triyono, S.U.; Prof. Dra. Wega Trisunaryanti, M.Sc., Ph.D. Eng

2019 | Skripsi | S1 KIMIA

Preparasi dan karakterisasi katalis Co/gamma-Al2O3, Ni/gamma-Al2O3, Zn/gamma-Al2O3 katalis Co/gamma-Al2O3, Ni/gamma-Al2O3, Zn/gamma-Al2O3 dan aplikasinya dalam hidrorengkah alfa-selulosa telah dilakukan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mempelajari karakter katalis Co/gamma-Al2O3, Ni/gamma-Al2O3, Zn/gamma-Al2O3 dan aktivitas katalitiknya pada proses hidrorengkah alfa-selulosa. Penelitian diawali dengan impregnasi logam Co, Ni dan Zn pada gamma-Al2O3 dengan rasio 2% b/b menggunakan metode impregnasi basah dengan larutan garam CoCl2.6H2O, NiCl2.6H2O, dan ZnCl2. Material diuji keasamannya dan dikarakterisasi kristalinitas menggunakan Difraksi Sinar-X, morfologi permukaan menggunakan Scanning Electrone Microscope-Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), kandungan logam menggunakan Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP), serta karakter permukaan dan porositas katalis dianalisis dengan metode Gas Sorption Analyzer (GSA). Uji aktivitas katalis dilakukan melalui proses hidrorengkah selulosa terpirolisis. Hidrorengkah selulosa terpirolisis dilakukan dalam reaktor fixed bed (semi-flow) pada suhu 400 oC, laju alir has H2 (20 mL/menit) dan rasio katalis:umpan (1:30). Produk cair dianalisis dengan GC-MS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kenaikan keasaman total katalis dengan adanya pengembanan logam Co, NI dan Zn pada gamma-Al2O3. Keasaman total gamma-Al2O3, Co/gamma-Al2O3, Ni/gamma-Al2O3, Zn/gamma-Al2O3 berturut-turut 5,73; 9,68; 9,84; 10,14 mmol/g. Analisis XRD menunjukkan katalis gamma-Al2O3, Co/gamma-Al2O3, Ni/gamma-Al2O3, Zn/gamma-Al2O3 merupakan katalis amorphous. Logam yang teremban pada katalis mengakibatkan luas permukaan katalis menurun. Luas permukaan katalis berturut-turut yaitu 130,437; 119,979; 107,952; 98,424 m2/g. Katalis Zn/gamma-Al2O3 menunujukkan aktivitas konversi tertinggi sebesar 96,30%.

Preparation and characterization of Co/gamma-Al2O3, Ni/gamma-Al2O3, Zn/gamma-Al2O3 catalysts and their applications in hydrocracking of alfa-selulosa has been conducted. The purposes of this research were to study the character of Co/gamma-Al2O3, Ni/gamma-Al2O3, Zn/gamma-Al2O3 catalysts and their catalytic activities in the hydrocracking of alfa-selulosa. The experiment was started with the impregnation of Co, Ni and Zn at gamma-Al2O3 with a ratio of 2% w/w using a wet impregnation method with a salt precursor of CoCl2.6H2O, NiCl2.6H2O, and ZnCl2. The acidity and crystallinity of the catalyst were analyzed using NH3 adsorption method and X-ray Diffraction, meanwhile surface morphology of catalyist was analyzed using Scanning Electrone Microscope-Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (SEM-EDS). The content of metal was quantified using Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP), and surface character and porosity of the catalysts were analyzed by the Gas Sorption Analyzer method (GSA). The catalyst activity for hydrocracking alfa-cellulose was performed in a fixed bed (semi-flow) reactor at a temperature of 400 oC, the flow rate of H2 was 20 mL/min. Liquid products are analyzed by GC-MS. The results showed an increase in the total acidity of the catalyst in the presence of metal development Co, Ni and Zn at gamma-Al2O3. The total acidity of gamma-Al2O3, Co/gamma-Al2O3, Ni/gamma-Al2O3, Zn/gamma-Al2O3 respectively 5.73; 9.68; 9,84; 10.14 mmol/g. XRD analysis showed gamma-Al2O3, Co/gamma-Al2O3, Ni/gamma-Al2O3, Zn/gamma-Al2O3 as amorphous catalysts. The metal which is attached to the catalyst causes the surface area of the catalyst to decrease. The surface area of the catalyst is 130,437; 119,979; 107,952; 98,424 m2/g. Zn/gamma-Al2O3 catalyst showed the highest catalytic activity of 96.30%.

Kata Kunci : katalis, hidrorengkah, alfa-selulosa, Co, Ni, Zn, gamma-Al2O3