Optimasi Formula dan Uji Aktivitas secara In Vivo Lotion W/O Senyawa 3-Nitrokalkon sebagai Tabir Surya

Grandis Arisona, Dr. Abdul Karim Zulkarnain, M.Si., Apt.

2019 | Skripsi | S1 FARMASI

Senyawa 3-nitrokalkon adalah turunan senyawa kalkon yang merupakan golongan flavonoid dan berpotensi memiliki aktivitas sebagai tabir surya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui formula optimum, stabilitas fisik formula optimum, dan mengetahui aktivitas perlindungan terhadap sinar UV secara in vivo lotion w/o senyawa 3-nitrokalkon sebagai tabir surya. Optimasi formula lotion w/o dilakukan dengan menggunakan software Design Expert versi 10 berdasarkan metode Simplex Lattice Design pada program mixture design dengan variasi komposisi setil alkohol, gliserin, dan cera alba. Dilakukan uji sifat fisik pada 13 formula optimasi meliputi viskositas, daya sebar, dan pH untuk mendapatkan formula optimum. Evaluasi stabilitas fisik formula optimum sedian lotion w/o dilakukan selama 4 minggu meliputi uji organoleptis, homogenitas, viskositas, daya sebar, pH, dan daya lekat. Penentuan nilai SPF dilakukan secara in vivo pada kelinci. Formula optimum lotion w/o terdiri dari setil alkohol 4,72 %b/b, gliserin 7,00 %b/b, dan cera alba 6,28 %b/b dengan nilai prediksi viskositas 100 dPas; daya sebar 19,53 cm2; dan pH 5,636. Hasil verifikasi menunjukkan perbedaan yang tidak signifikan antara nilai prediksi dengan hasil percobaan. Formula optimum lotion w/o stabil selama penyimpanan 4 minggu. Hasil uji aktivitas tabir surya secara in vivo formula optimum lotion w/o dengan konsentrasi senyawa 3-nitrokalkon 0,5 %b/b memberikan nilai SPF 27.

3-Nitrochalcone is a derivative of chalcone which is a class of flavonoids that are expected to have an activity as a sunscreen. The aims of this research is to optimize the formula, to know the physical stability of the optimum formula, and to determine the UV protection activity of the 3-nitrochalcone w/o lotion in vivo as a sunscreen. Formula optimization of w/o lotion is done by using Design Expert version 10 software based on the Simplex Lattice Design method on the mixture design program with variations in composition of cetyl alcohol, glycerin, and cera alba. The physical properties of 13 optimization formulas are evaluated including viscosity, spreadability, and pH to determine the optimum formula. Evaluation of physical stability of the w/o lotion optimum formula carried out for 4 weeks including organoleptic test, homogeneity, viscosity, spreadability, pH, and adhesion. The determination of SPF values was carried out in vivo in rabbits. The result of the w/o lotion optimum formula is the lotion consists 4.72 %w/w cetyl alcohol, 7.00 %w/w glycerin, and 6.28 %w/w cera alba and a prediction of viscosity value is 100 dPas; spreadability 19.53 cm2; and pH 5,636. The verification results show there is non-significant difference between the predicted values and the results of the experiment. The w/o lotion optimum formula is stable in storage for 4 weeks. The results of the sunscreen activity in vivo test of the optimum formula of the w/o lotion with a 3-nitrochalcone 0.5 %w/w give SPF value 27.

Kata Kunci : 3-nitrokalkon, lotion w/o, tabir surya / 3-nitrochalcone, w/o lotion, sunscreen