PENGARUH KADAR AIR AWAL BENIH, SUHU RUANG SIMPAN DAN UMUR PENYIMPANAN TERHADAP VIABILITAS BENIH DAMAR

RETNO TUSILOWATI, Soedjoke Dirdjosoemarto, Suginingsih

1995 | Skripsi | S1 KEHUTANAN

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kadar air awal benih dan suhu ruang simpan terhadap viabilitas benih Damar, juga sampai umur berapa benih Damar dapat disimpan. Dalam penelitian ini digunakan rancangan acak lengkap dalam pola faktorial dengan 3 perlakuan, yaitu kadar air awal benih yang terdiri dari 3 tingkat ; kadar air awal benih 18%, 13% dan kadar air benih 9% yang disimpan pada suhu 27°C dan suhu 0°C pada 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 dan 6 minggu. Parameter yang diukur adalah persen berkecambah, awal berkecambah, periode berkecambah, batas 80% dan kecepatan berkecambah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kadar air awal benih, suhu ruang simpan dan umur simpan berpengaruh sangat myata terhadap viabilitas benih Damar. Kadar air awal yang lebih baik untuk memperpanjang viabilitas benih Damar selama penyimpanan adalah kadar air 18% dan suhu ruang simpan yang sesuai untuk memperpanjang viabilitas benih Damar adalah suhu 0°C, yang pada umur simpan 6 minggu persen berkecambahnya masih 84%. Penyimpanan benih Damar pada suhu 27°C tidak dianjurkan baik dengan kadar air 18%, 13% maupun 9% karena benih benih sudah tidak mampu lagi berkecambah.

This research was conducted to determine the effect of suitable of the initial moisture content and storage temperature on the viability of Damar seeds, and also duration longevity of the seeds. The experimental design used on this research is faktorial randomised design with three treatments. Thiy were the initial moisture content of seed consist of three levels of 18%, 13% and 9% which were at 27°C and 0°C. They were also stored for 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 weeks. The parameters were germination percentage, germination starting, germination period, 80% value of germination and germination rate. The result of the research indicated that the initial moisture content, storage temperature and duration longevity had the most significant effects on viability of the Damar seeds. The initial moisture content of 18% for prolonging the viability of the Damar seeds during storage process and storage temperature at 0°C was better than the other treatments. The treatment of the duration longevity of 6 weeks had still the germination percentage of 84%. It was recommended to store the Damar seeds at the temperature of 27°C with the seeds moisture of 18%, 13% and 9%, because the seeds had capability to germinate.

Kata Kunci : Benih damar, penyimpanan benih, viabilitas