DINAMIKA POPULASI DAN NATURAL INCREASE SAPI BALI DI KECAMATAN KAPUAS KABUPATEN SANGGAU PROVINSI KALIMANTAN BARAT

Anton, Ambius , Prof. Dr. Ir. Sumadi, MS

2011 | Skripsi | S1 ILMU DAN INDUSTRI PETERNAKAN

Penelitian ini dilaksanakan untuk mengetahui dinamika populasi dan natural increase bangsa sapi Bali di Kecamatan Kapuas Kabupaten Sanggau Provinsi Kalimantan Barat. Nilai NI merupakan salah satu faktor utama yang ikut akan menentukan naik turunnya populasi. Penelitian dilaksanakan bulan Januari sampai Febuari dan September sampai Oktober 2010. Materi yang digunakan 448 orang peternak dengan jumlah ternak sapi Bali sebesar 2.260 ekor. Metode sensus digunakan untuk memperoleh data primer dan data skunder diperoleh dari Dinas Pertanian, Perikanan dan Peternakan. Variabel yang diamati meliputi profil peternak, penampilan reproduksi, struktur populasi, mutasi ternak, kematian ternak, dinamika populasi dan natural increase. Dari analisis data diketahui ratarata umur peternak usia produktif 47,05±6,68 tahun, dengan pekerjaan pokok 69,33% sebagai petani. Tujuan utama pemeliharaan ternak 87,33% sebagai tabungan. Pemilikan sapi Bali per rumah tangga peternak memiliki 3 ekor ternak dewasa, ternak muda dan pedet masing-masing 1 ekor. Struktur populasi sapi jantan dewasa 238 ekor (10,53%), betina dewasa 898 ekor (39,73%), sapi muda jantan 239 ekor (10,59%), betina muda 313 ekor (13,85%) dan sapi pedet jantan 251 ekor (11,11%) dan pedet betina 321 ekor (14,20%). Lama pembiakan terhadap induk ratarata 4 tahun. Nilai service per concepton 1,28±0,56 kali dan nilai ER sebesar 93,56%. Persentase kelahiran 25,31% terhadap populasi dengan rasio kelahiran jantan dan betina (43,88% : 56,13%). Jumlah mutasi ternak masuk 162 ekor (7,17%) dan ternak keluar 202 ekor (8,94%) terhadap populasi. Angka kematian ternak dewasa 1,24%, muda 0,27% dan pedet 1,55% atau 3,05% terhadap populasi. Dinamika populasi sapi Bali di Kecamatan Kapuas dalam kurun waktu lima tahun 2005 sampai 2009 menunjukan tren peningkatan sebesar 0,64% per tahun dan nilai natural increase sebesar 22,26%. (Kata kunci: Sapi Bali, Dinamika populasi, Natural increase, Kabupaten Sanggau)

The research was conducted to determine the population dynamics and natural increase of the Bali cattle in Sub-District Kapuas, Sanggau Regency of Kalimantan Barat Province. Value of NI is one of the major factors that participate will determine the rise and fall of the population. The experiment was conducted from January to February and September through October 2010. The material used in 448 farmers with the number of Bali cattle ranchers for 2.260 Bali tail. Census methods used to obtain primary data and secondary data obtained from the Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Animal Husbandry. The observed variables include profiles of farmers, reproductive performance, population structure, mutation of livestock, livestock deaths, and population dynamics and natural increase. From the data analysis known that the average age of farmers in productive age 47.05 ± 6.68 years, with a 69.33% basic job as a farmer. The main objective of maintaining cattle 87.33% as savings. Bali cattle ownership per household has 3 head of cattle ranchers adults, young cattle and calf each 1 tail. Population structure of adult ox tail 238 (10.53%), 898 adult female rats (39.73%), veal tail male 239 (10.59%), 313 young female rats (13.85%) and cow calf 251 male rats (11.11%) and 321 female calf tail (14.20%). Old breeding of the parent average of 4 years. Value of service per concepton 1.28 ± 0.56 times and the value of ER of 93.56%. Percentage of births 25.31% to the population with malefemale birth ratio (43.88%: 56.13%). The number of mutations into 162 cattle heads (7.17%) and livestock out of 202 rats (8.94%) of the population. Adult cattle mortality rate 1.24%, 0.27% and the young calf 1.55% or 3.05% of the population registration. Bali cattle population dynamics in sub-district Kapuas within five years 2005 to 2009 shows a trend increase of 0.64% per year and the value of natural increase is 22.26%. (Keywords: Bali cattle, Population dynamics, Natural increase, Sanggau regency)

Kata Kunci : Sapi Bali, Dinamika populasi, Natural increase, Kabupaten Sanggau