Tutupan Karang Hidup di Perairan Sebalang Kabupaten Lampung Selatan

Dewi Septialiani, Dr. Ir. Djumanto, M. Sc.

2019 | Skripsi | S1 MANAJEMEN SUMBERDAYA AKUATIK

Terumbu karang merupakan ekosistem penting yang berpengaruh pada kehidupan biota laut dan manusia. Luas tutupan karang semakin menurun karena faktor alam dan manusia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tutupan karang di Perairan Sebalang, Kabupaten Lampung Selatan. Data tutupan karang diukur pada transek garis dan sebanyak tiga stasiun dan dua kedalaman (3 dan 8 m) melalui penyelaman menggunakan SCUBA set. Data yang diperoleh adalah panjang tutupan setiap jenis karang hidup, kemudian diubah dalam bentuk persentase tutupan. Data karang dianalisis untuk mengetahui indeks similaritas, keragaman, kemerataan, dan dominansi. Berdasarkan wilayah tutupan diperoleh tutupan tertinggi adalah kategori abiotik (75,35%) dan yang paling sedikit adalah kategori karang hidup acropora (0,77%). Tutupan karang hidup tertinggi berada di stasiun 2 kedalaman 3 m sebesar 39,5% dan yang terendah di stasiun 3 kedalaman 3 m sebesar 5,5%. Berdasarkan hasil analisis indeks similaritas, didapatkan hasil kemiripan bentuk hidup antar stasiun 0-49,59%. Berdasarkan nilai indeks keragaman, didapatkan hasil 1,17-1,49. Nilai indeks dominansi di Perairan Sebalang berkisar 0,23-0,52. Hasil analisis indeks kemerataan didapatkan nilai 0,44-0,65.

Coral reefs ecosystems is important for marine and human lifes. The covering area of coral reefs are decreased due to natural and anthropogenic factors. The aim of this study was to find out the covering of live coral in Sebalang waters, South Lampung Regency. The data was collected namely the length of each coral live along the line transect from three station with two depth (3 and 8 m) by diving with SCUBA. The coral data obtained namely the length of coral live then transferred to percentage of coral cover. The coral data were analyzed to find out the similarity, diversity, evenness, and domination index. Based on the cover area, the highest coral coverage was the abiotic category (75.35%) and the least was the acropora category (0.77%). The highest live coral cover percentage was in station 2, in 3 m depth (39.5%), and the least was in station 3 in 3 m depth (5.5%). The result of similarity index showed that the similarity of coral life form between station is 0-49,59%. The results based on diversity index value were 1.17-1.49. The dominance index value in Perairan Sebalang ranged from 0.23 to 0.52. The results of the evenness index analysis were 0.44-0.65.

Kata Kunci : keanekaragaman, konservasi, Perairan Sebalang, terumbu