Efek Ekstrak Kulit Buah Manggis (Garcinia mangostana L.) terhadap Motilitas Swimming Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 10145

IGNATIA ROSADI NUGROHO, drg. Heni Susilowati, M.Kes., Ph.D.; Prof. Dr. drg. Regina TC. Tandelilin, M.Sc.

2019 | Skripsi | S1 KEDOKTERAN GIGI

Pseudomonas aeruginosa adalah bakteri patogen oportunistik yang dapat menyebabkan infeksi berat, terutama pada pasien immunocompromised. Bakteri P. aeruginosa bergerak dengan motilitas swimming menggunakan flagela. Kulit buah manggis (Garcinia mangostana L.) mengandung senyawa flavonoid yang mampu melepaskan energi transduksi terhadap membran sitoplasma bakteri dan menghambat motilitas bakteri Gram-positif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efek ekstrak kulit buah manggis terhadap motilitas swimming bakteri P. aeruginosa ATCC 10145. Uji MIC dengan metode serial dilusi dan turbidimetri menunjukkan MIC ekstrak kulit manggis terhadap bakteri P. aeruginosa ATCC 10145 adalah konsentrasi 10%. Uji motilitas swimming dilakukan pada kelompok perlakuan (ekstrak kulit buah manggis 10%, 15%, 20%) dan kelompok kontrol negatif (akuades). Ekstrak atau akuades dicampur dengan brain heart infusion dan diinkubasi pada suhu 37oC selama 2 jam. Bakteri diinokulasikan pada media tryptone swim plates 0,3% agar dan diinkubasi pada suhu 37oC selama 24 jam. Pengamatan dilakukan dengan mengukur radian pergerakan bakteri menggunakan sliding caliper dari titik inokulasi setelah pewarnaan crystal violet 0,1% dan dilakukan analisis statistik pada tingkat signifikansi 95%. Hasil uji normalitas menunjukkan semua data terdistribusi normal tetapi tidak memiliki variansi yang homogen. Hasil uji Kruskal-Wallis menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak kulit buah manggis konsentrasi 10%, 15%, dan 20% berpengaruh menghambat motilitas swimming bakteri P. aeruginosa ATCC 10145. Disimpulkan bahwa ekstrak kulit buah manggis dapat menghambat motilitas swimming bakteri P. aeruginosa ATCC 10145 pada konsentrasi 10% serta menghentikan motilitas swimming pada konsentrasi 15% dan 20%.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen that causes severe infections in immunocompromised patients. Pseudomonas aeruginosa has flagella which responsible for swimming motility. Pericarp of mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.) contains of flavonoid that has potential to release transduction energy for cytoplasm membrane and decrease Gram-positive bacterial motility. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of mangosteen pericarp extract on swimming motility of P. aeruginosa ATCC 10145. MIC test with serial dilution and turbidimetry method was performed and showed that mangosteen pericarp extract 10% as the MIC concentration for P. aeruginosa ATCC 10145. Swimming motility test was performed on treatment (mangosteen pericarp extract concentration 10%, 15%, and 20%) and negative control group. Each tested materials were mixed with BHI and incubated at 37oC for 2 hours. Bacterial culture were inoculated into tryptone swim plates 0,3% agar and incubated at 37oC for 24 hours. Observation was done by measuring the radiant of bacterial swimming motility from the center of inoculation using a sliding caliper after staining with 0.1% crystal violet and statistical analysis conducted at 95% significant. The result of normality test showed all treatment groups were distributed normally but the variances were inhomogeneous. The result of Kruskal-Wallis test showed that mangosteen pericarp extract concentration 10%, 15%, and 20% inhibit the swimming motility of Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 10145. It is concluded that mangosteen pericarp extract has ability to decrease the swimming motility of Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 10145 at concentration 10% and stops the swimming motility at concentration 15% and 20%.

Kata Kunci : kulit manggis, motilitas swimming, Pseudomonas aeruginosa