PENGARUH PERBEDAAN PROPORSI PEMBERIAN HIJAUAN DAN KONSENTRAT TERHADAP KOMPOSISI DAN DAYA SIMPAN SUSU KAMBING PERANAKAN ETTAWA

ELISA GANIS RINGSATITI, Ir. Yustina Yuni Suranindyah, MS., Ph.D., IPM. ; Endang Wahyuni, S.Pt., M.Biotech.

2019 | Skripsi | S1 ILMU DAN INDUSTRI PETERNAKAN

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kualitas dan daya simpan susu kambing Peranakan Ettawa segar berdasarkan perbedaan proporsi hijauan dan konsentrat pada pakan. Ternak yang digunakan sebanyak 10 ekor induk kambing laktasi. Hijauan dan konsentrat dalam pakan yang diberikan pada induk kambing memiliki proporsi 50:50 (P1) dan 70:30 (P2). Penelitian ini dilakukan selama 30 hari, pada 10 hari pertama dilakukan adaptasi pakan dan 20 hari selanjutnya diberi pakan sesuai perlakuan, pada akhir pemeliharaan dilakukan pengambilan susu, selanjutnya analisis daya simpan susu yang terdiri dari 0, 3, 6, 9, dan 12 hari. Pengujian sampel meliputi uji lemak, protein, pH, keasaman, berat jenis, dan organoleptik. Data protein dan lemak yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan variansi independet sample compare mean, data uji berat jenis, pH, dan keasaman yang diperoleh di analisis menggunakan analisis variansi pola faktorial, dilanjutkan Duncan new Multiple Range Test (DMRT), serta data organoleptik di analisis menggunakan Kruskal-Wallis. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat diketahui bahwa pada P1 memiliki nilai lemak, protein, pH, keasaman, dan organoleptik secara bertutur-turut sebesar 4,06%, 3,53%, 6,72, 0,246%, 1,035, dan memiliki warna putih pekat, tidak prengus, sedikit manis, sedikit asin, sedikit asam, sedikit pahit, serta agak kental, sedangkan hasil pada pemberian pakan P2 lemak, protein, pH, keasaman, dan organoleptik secara berturut-turut sebesar 6,09%, 4,97%, 6,77, 0,282%, 1,034, dan memiliki warna putih pekat, tidak prengus, sedikit manis, sedikit asin, sedikit asam, sedikit pahit, serta agak kental. Berdasarkan data dapat disimpulkan bahwa kedua proporsi pakan tidak mempengaruhi kualitas dan daya simpan susu segar kambing PE.

This study was conducted to determine quality and shelf life fresh milk in Ettawa Crossbred goat based on difference proportion of forages and concentrate. This study used 10 lactating goats which were given forages and concentrate with ratio 50:50 (P1) and 70:30 (P2). This study was held in 30 days, adaptation was held on first 10 days and 20 days after feed was given as treatment. Milk shelf life was analyzed on 0, 3, 6, 9, and 12 days. Samples were tested for fat, protein, pH, acidity, milk density, and organoleptic. Fat and protein of fresh goat's milk was statistically processed by independent sample compare mean. Quality of milk was processed by Completely Randomized Design of Factorial Patterns, and average differences tested with Duncan's New Multiple Range Test (DMRT), organoleptic was analyzed with Kruskal-Wallis H, while flavors and textures were analyzed descriptively. The results showed P1 fat, protein, pH, milk density, acidity and organoleptic of 4,06%, 3,53%, 6,72%, 0,246%, 1,035%, white color, not goaty flavour, a bit sweet, salty, bitter, sour, and thick. On P2 fat, protein, pH, milk density, acidity and organoleptic were 6,09%, 4,97%, 6,77, 0,282%, 1,034, white color, not goaty flavour, a bit sweet, salty, bitter, sour, and thick. In conclusion different proportion of forages and concentrate did not show significant effect on quality and shelf life fresh milk of Ettawa Crossbred goat.

Kata Kunci : Kambing Peranakan Ettawa (PE), Susu kambing segar, Komposisi susu, Daya simpan.