GAMBARAN PEMBELAJARAN SPIRITUAL CARE DI INSTITUSI PENDIDIKAN KEPERAWATAN: PERSEPSI TIM KURIKULUM, DOSEN DAN MAHASISWA

ALFIANTI KUSUMA N, dr. Mora Claramita, MHPE, PhD.; Lely Lusmilasari, S.Kp.,M.Kes.,Ph.D.

2019 | Tesis | MAGISTER ILMU PENDIDIKAN KEDOKTERAN DAN KESEHATAN

Latar belakang: Pelayanan keperawatan adalah pelayanan profesional yang komprehensif mencakup aspek fisiologis, psikologis, sosial, spiritual dan kultural. Tidak terpenuhinya kebutuhan spiritual pada pasien dapat menyebabkan terjadinya Distress spiritual. Penelitian mengenai perawat sulit untuk memberikan asuhan keperawatan spiritual pada pasien dikarenakan kurangnya persiapan atau paparan mengenai konsep spiritual care pada saat pendidikan. Terdapat beberapa temuan yang dilaporkan mengenai ketersediaan dosen keperawatan untuk mengajar dan berpartisipasdalam pembelajaran ketidakpastian dalam pemahaman mereka dan pengetahuan tentang dimensi spiritual. Panduan untuk dijadikan tolak ukur dalam menyampaikan pendidikan spiritual care kepada mahasiswa sangatlah jarang Tujuan: Mengetahui gambaran mengenai pembelajaran spiritual care di institusi keperawatan menurut persepsi tim kurikulum, dosen dan mahasiswa Metode: Penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan content analysis. Penentuan subjek penelitian di lakukan dengan stratified purposive sampling, memilih program studi ilmu keperawatan dengan akreditasi A menjadi tempat penelitian. Patisipan penelitian yaitu tim kurikulum yang telah menyusun kurikulum prodi, dosen yang memberikan pembelajaran dengan konten spiritual care, dan mahasiswa yang masih aktif dan bersedia menjadi subjek penelitian. Hasil wawancara ditranskrip dan dilakukan analisis isi (content analisis) menggunakan program Open code 3.6 oleh 1 orang peneliti dan 1 orang asistant peneliti. Hasil koding dikelompokkan ke dalam kategori - kategori yang muncul dan dilakukan content analysis Hasil: Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, atribut yang paling banyak disebutkan tentang spiritual care adalah perawat yang memiliki nilai spiritual yang baik, lebih mampu memberikan perawatan spiritual. Definisi yang paling sering disebutkan terkait dengan spiritual care adalah menghormati agama pasien. Yang terakhir menurut persepsi dosen keperawatan, tim kurikulum dan mahasiswa yang paling banyak disebutkan terkait dengan nilai-nilai yang terkait dengan spiritual care, yaitu perawatan holistik. Kesimpulan: Persepsi tim kurikulum mengenai spiritual care secara umum lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan dosen dan mahasiswa. Persepsi mahasiswa mengenai spiritual care secara umum kurang dibandingkan dengan dosen, dan tim kurikulum. Komponen tambahan ditemukan di luar konten Spiritual Care Giving Scale, yaitu komunikasi terapeutik, dan konsep bioetika justice yang harus diteliti lebih lanjut dengan pendekatan kualitatif yang lebih dalam.

Background: Nursing services are comprehensive professional services covering physiological, psychological, social, spiritual and cultural aspects. Providing spiritual nursing care to patients could be challenging due to lack of preparation or exposure to the concepts of spiritual care during nursing education. There are few reports sharing findings regarding nursing teachers understanding and knowledge of the spiritual dimension. Objective: This research aimed to describe the spiritual care content of learning in nursing institutions according to the perceptions of the curriculum team members, faculty and students. Design: A qualitative methods with content analysis approach. Settings: The study was conducted in a school of nursing in a university in Indonesia. Participants: Participants enlisted for in-depth interviews consisted of 2 curriculum team members, 5 faculty, and 8 nursing students. Participants enlisted for structured interviews consisted of 47 participants consisting of 2 curriculum team members, 15 faculty, and 30 nursing students. Methods: Participants were interviewed with in-depth interviews, the interviews were transcribed at the end of each interview. The results of the transcripts were analyzed based on the framework of the SCGS questionnaire. The next step involved the interviews with a structured format using the SCGS questionnaire with different participants as an effort for triangulation of data sources. Results: The results found the most mentioned attribute related to spiritual care was nurses who have good spiritual values, are more able to provide spiritual care. The most mentioned definitions related to spiritual care were respecting the religion of patients. The last ones according to the perceptions of nursing faculty, curriculum team members and the most mentioned by students were related to the values associated with spiritual care, including holistic care. Conclusion: The curriculum team members perceptions of spiritual care in general was best compared to faculty and students based on the content in the Spiritual Care Giving Scale questionnaire. Students' perceptions of spiritual care were generally less comprehensively positive than faculty, and curriculum team members. Additional components were discovered outside the Spiritual Care Giving Scale, namely therapeutic communication, and the bioethics concept of justice which should be further studied with a more rigorous qualitative approach.

Kata Kunci : perawatan spiritual, spiritual care giving scale, perawatan suportif, nursing care, spiritual care, spiritual care giving scale, supportive care.