GAMBARAN PENCEGAHAN DAN PENGENDALIAN INFEKSI TUBERKULOSIS DI PUSKESMAS DEPOK III KABUPATEN SLEMAN

MIA SITI SUDIANI, Heru Subekti, S.Kep., Ns., MPH;Dwi Harjanto, S.Kp., M.Sc.

2019 | Skripsi | S1 ILMU KEPERAWATAN

INTISARI Latar Belakang: Indonesia memiliki beban Tuberkulosis kedua di dunia sebanyak 1 juta (10%) kasus. Kasus Tuberkulosis di Kabupaten Sleman terus meningkat dari tahun ke tahun padahal cakupan pengobatan Tuberkulosis mencapai 85%, dimana sudah merupakan target nasional. Insidensi dari kasus Tuberkulosis di Puskesmas Depok III masih tinggi bahkan naik sebanyak 57% dari tahun 2015 ke 2016. Hal ini menunjukkan adanya kenaikan kasus Tuberkulosis baru yang disebabkan dari penularan penderita Tuberkulosis ke orang lain. Tujuan Penelitian: Mengetahui gambaran pencegahan dan pengendalian infeksi tuberkulosis di Puskesmas Depok III Kabupaten Sleman. Metode: Penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif menggunakan observasi dan wawancara. Responden penelitian ini petugas Tim DOTS Puskesmas yang dipilih menggunakan teknik total sampling untuk responden yang diamati dan teknik purposive sampling untuk responden wawancara. Pengumpulan data menggunakan checklist observasi dan pedoman wawancara yang diadaptasi dari indikator pilar pengendalian dan Standar Operasional Prosedur (SOP). Data yang didapat dari pengamatan langsung dan hasil wawancara oleh peneliti dipaparkan menjadi narasi, tabel dan persentase. Hasil: pelaksanaan pengendalian manajerial sudah berjalan sesuai dengan Surat Keputusan, namun masih terdapat hambatan terkait letak bangunan unit TB yang belum standar. Pengendalian administrasi, skrining petugas TB belum dilakukan secara berkala dan belum semua petugas TB mendapat pelatihan mengenai PPI TB. Pengendalian lingkungan sudah baik, namun standar bangunan unit belum terfasilitasi pembuangan udara (exhaust) yang belum maksimal. Pengendalian dengan alat pelindung diri sudah dilakukan, namun ada yang tidak sesuai SOP yaitu petugas pelayan TB yang tidak memakai masker N95 dan baju pelindung percikan. Kesimpulan: Sebagian besar pelaksanaan Pencegahan dan Pengendalian Infeksi Tuberkulosis di Puskesmas Depok III telah dilakukan sesuai SOP yang ada.

ABSTRACT Background: Indonesia has a second Tuberculosis burden in the world with 1 million (10%) cases. Tuberculosis cases in Sleman continue to increase even though Tuberculosis treatment coverage reaches 85%, which is already a national target. The incidence of Tuberculosis cases in Puskesmas Depok III is still high and even as much as 57% from 2015 to 2016. This shows an increase in new Tuberculosis cases caused by transmission of Tuberculosis patients to others. Objectives: To understand the description of prevention and control of tuberculosis infections in Puskesmas Depok III Sleman Method: This study was a descriptive study using observation and interviews. The respondents of this study were health care workers of the DOTS Team at Puskesmas Depok III who were selected using a total sampling technique for the observed and a purposive sampling technique for interview respondents. Data collection used observation checklists and interview guidelines adapted from pillar control indicators and Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs). Data were obtained from direct observation and results of interviews by researchers then presented as narratives, tables and percentages. Result: The implementation of managerial control has been running in accordance with the decree, but there are still obstacles related to the location of building TB units that are not yet standard. Administrative control, screening TB officers has not been conducted regularly and not all TB officers have been trained in TB IPC. Environmental control is good, but the unit building standards have not been facilitated by exhouse airways. Personal protective equipment has been carried out, but some are not in accordance with the SOP, theres health care workers who do not wear N95 masks and splash protective clothing. Conclusion: Most of the implementation of Tuberculosis Infection Prevention and Control in Puskesmas Depok III has been carried out in accordance with existing SOP.

Kata Kunci : PPI, Tuberkulosis, Puskesmas