Purifikasi Senyawa Inhibitor Enzim Alfa-Amilase dan Alfa-Glukosidase dalam Fraksi Metanol Ekstrak Rumput Laut Sargassum hystrix J. Agardh

RAHMADI SUSANTO, Dr. Amir Husni, S.Pi., M.P.

2019 | Skripsi | S1 TEKNOLOGI HASIL PERIKANAN

Rumput laut coklat memiliki kandungan senyawa bioaktif yang banyak dimanfaatkan dalam bidang farmasi untuk kesehatan, salah satunya adalah sebagai antidiabetes. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan senyawa murni yang aktif menghambat enzim alfa-amilase dan alfa-glukosidase dalam fraksi metanol dari ekstrak rumput laut Sargassum hystrix. S. hystrix diekstraksi menggunakan metanol, dipartisi menggunakan kloroform, etil asetat dan metanol. Fraksi dipisahkan menggunakan kromatogafi kolom dan dimurnikan dengan pemisahan KLT preparatif. Ekstrak kasar, fraksi metanol hasil partisi, fraksi hasil kromatogafi kolom, fraksi hasil KLT preparatif dan spot hasil KLT preparatif diuji aktivitas penghambatan terhadap enzim alfa-amilase dan alfa-glukosidase. Spot tunggal di analisis menggunakan Gas Chromatogaphy-Mass Spectrofotometry (GC-MS). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan nilai aktivitas penghambatan terhadap alfa-amilase (6,25 µg/mL) dan alfa-glukosidase (150 µg/mL) dari spot 2.4 (81,51 ± 4,59% dan 61,85 ± 5,62%) dan spot 2.5 (73,03 ± 3,02% dan 43,32 ± 2,26%). Hasil analisis GC-MS pada spot 2.4 diperoleh senyawa murni yaitu 6H,16H,31H-5,9:15,19-Dimethano-10,14-metheno-26,30-nitrilo-5H,25H-dibenzo [b,s][1,21,4,8,14,18] dioxatet raazacyclooctacosine-34,36-dione,7,8,17,18-tetrahydro-35 methoxy-1,3,21,23 tetramethyl- yang diduga aktif menghambat enzim alfa-amilase dan alfa-glukosidase dengan persentase area 92,27%.

Brown algae contains bioactive compounds that are widely used in the pharmaceutical field for health, one of them as antidiabetic. This research aims to obtain pure compounds that actively inhibit the alpha-amylase and alpha-glucosidase enzymes in the methanol fraction of Sargassum hystrix seaweed extract. S. hystrix was extracted using methanol, partitioned using chloroform, ethyl acetate and methanol. The fraction was separated using column chromatogaphy and purified by preparative TLC separation. Crude extract, partitioned methanol fraction, column chromatographic fraction, preparative TLC fraction and spot TLC from preparative TLC were tested for inhibitory activity against alpha-amylase and alpha-glucosidase enzymes. Single Spot was analyzed using Gas Chromatogaphy-Mass Spectrophotometry (GC-MS). The results showed the inhibitory activity values for alpha-amylase (6,25 µg/mL) and alpha-glucosidase (150 µg/mL) from spot 2.4 were (81,51 ± 4,59% and 61,85 ± 5,62%) and spot 2.5 (73,03 ± 3,02% and 43,32 ± 2,26%). The GC-MS analysis results on spot 2.4 obtained pure compounds namely 6H, 16H, 31H-5,9: 15,19-Dimethano-10,14-metheno-26,30-nitrilo-5H, 25H-dibenzo [b, s] [1,21,4,8,14,18] dioxatet raazacyclooctacosine-34,36-dione, 7,8,17,18-tetrahydro-35 methoxy-1,3,21,23-tetramethyl- which is suspected to actively inhibit alpha-amylase and alpha-glucosidase enzymes with a percentage area of 92,27%.

Kata Kunci : alfa-glukosidase, alfa-amilase, metanol, GC-MS, Sargassum hystrix