PERANAN LEBAR PENANAMAN MANGROVE TERHADAP KUALITAS HABITAT DI KAWASAN REHABILITASI PANTAI UTARA KABUPATEN PEMALANG JAWA TENGAH

DONA WHELLYHATNA, Erny Poedjirahajoe

2009 | Skripsi | S1 KEHUTANAN

Kerusakan hutan mangrove mendorong upaya rehabilitasi dengan cara penanaman vegetasi mangrove. Upaya rehabilitasi mangrove yang belum optimal menghasilkan lebar areal penanaman mangrove yang berbeda beda yang belum memenuhi lebar jalur hijau mangrove yang sesungguhnya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah : 1) Mengetahui perbedaan beberapa faktor kualitas habitat mangrove (salinitas, bahan organik, pH, oksigen terlarut, suhu, tebal lumpur dan kepadatan plankton) berdasarkan lebar areal penanaman mangrove. 2) Mengetahui prosentase lebar areal penanaman mangrove terhadap rata-rata lebar jalur hijau aktualnya. Penelitian ini dilakukan di kawasan mangrove rehabilitasi pantai utara Jawa Desa Mojo, Kecamatan Ulujami, Kabupaten Pemalang, Jawa Tengah pada tanggal 10-14 April 2009. Bahan penelitiannya adalah tanaman mangrove rehabilitasi tahun tanam 2001 dengan lebar penanaman mangrove 200 m, 100 m, dan 80 m. Berdasarkan penelitian didapatkan hasil pengukuran faktor kualitas habitat pada lebar penanaman mangrove 200 m, 100 m, dan 80 m secara berurutan adalah sebagai berikut : (a) rata-rata salinitas (%) : 0,29, 0,25, dan 1,09; (b) ratarata suhu (oC): 26,8, 27,1, dan 28,1 ; (c) rata-rata pH : 8, 8,5, dan 9 ; (d) rata-rata DO (mg/L) : 9,6, 9,5, dan 9,3 ; (e) rata-rata BO (%) : 8,3, 8,25, dan 7,89 ; (f) ratarata ketebalan lumpur (cm) : 99, 131, dan 172 ; (g) rata-rata kepadatan plankton (n/L) : 178, 143, dan 71. Berdasarkan hasil analisis statistik, lebar penanaman mangrove 80 m berbeda signifikan terhadap lebar penanaman mangrove 100 m dan 200 m dan lebar penanaman mangrove 100 m tidak berbeda signifikan terhadap lebar penanaman mangrove 200 m untuk faktor habitat salinitas, suhu, DO dan kepadatan plankton, serta saling signifikan diantara ketiga lebar penanaman mangrove tersebut untuk faktor habitat pH dan ketebalan lumpur dan tidak mengalami perbedaan signifikan diantara ketiga lebar penanaman mangrove tersebut untuk kandungan BO. Diketahui pula bahwa Prosentase lebar areal penanaman mangrove hasil rehabilitasi Desa Mojo, Kecamatan Ulujami, Kabupaten Pemalang terhadap rata-rata lebar jalur hijau aktual pada waktu penelitian adalah sebesar 45,3 %.

The damage in the mangrove forest encourage the rehabilitation effort in a way of planting mangrove vegetation. The less optimum effort of mangrove rehabilitation results in the difference in the width of planting area which fails to fulfil the mangrove green belt. The purpose of the research is to 1) identify differentiation the quality factors of mangrove habitat (salinity, organic matter, pH, dissolved oxygen, temperature, mud thickness and plankton density ) based on the width of mangrove planting, 2) to identify the effect of width percentage of mangrove planting on the average width of actual mangrove green belt. The research was conducted in the mangrove rehabilitation are in north coast of Java. It was in Mojo Village, Ulujami district, Pemalang Regency, Central Java from 10th to 14th of April 2009. The subject of the research was the rehabilitation of mangrove vegetation in the planting year of 2001 with the width of the mangrove planting of 200m, 100m and 80m. The result indicated that the factor measurement of habitat quality relative to the width of mangrove plating of 200m, 100m and 80 m are as follows: (a) the average salinity (%): 0.29, 0.25, and 1.09; (b) the average temperatures (oC) : 26.8, 27.1 and 28.1; (c) the average pH are: 8, 8.5, and 9 ; (d) the average DO (ml/L): 9.6, 9.5, and 9.3; (e)the average BO (%): 8.3, 8.25 and 7.89; (f) the average mud thickness (cm): 99, 131, and 172; (g) the average plankton density (n/L): 178, 143 and 71. Based on the statistic analysis, the width of mangrove plating of 80 m significantly differs from the width of mangrove plating of 100m and 2001 and the width of mangrove plating of 100 m is not significantly different with 200 m for factors of salinity, temperature, DO and plankton density and are significant among the three widths for factors pH and mud thickness and are not significantly different among the three widths for BO content. It is indicated that the width percentage of mangrove planting for rehabilitation in Mojo Village, Ulujami district, Pemalang regency relative to the actual mangrove green belt in the research period was 45.3%.

Kata Kunci : Kualitas Habitat, Lebar Penanaman Mangrove, Mangrove, Lebar Jalur Hijau Mangrove.