PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN SISAL MIKRO TERALKALISASI TERHADAP KEKUATAN TENSILE PADA SEMEN IONOMER KACA KONVENSIONAL

FAIZA PUJI RAHAYU, Prof. Dr. drg. Widjijono, SU; Dr. drg. Siti Sunarintyas, M.Kes.

2018 | Skripsi | S1 KEDOKTERAN GIGI

Semen ionomer kaca (SIK) konvensional merupakan tumpatan kedokteran gigi yang memiliki kekuatan tensile lemah. Kekuatan tensile SIK konvensional dapat ditingkatkan dengan penambahan bahan memiliki kekuatan tensile kuat yaitu serat alami sisal. Serat sisal diberi perlakuan alkalisasi dan diolah hingga berukuran mikro agar diperoleh penambahan kekuatan yang optimal. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh penambahan sisal berukuran mikro teralkalisasi dalam meningkatkan kekuatan tensile SIK konvensional. Penelitian menggunakan serat sisal (Agave sisalana), larutan NaOH 6%, CH3COOH 2%, H2O2 3%, H2SO4 30%, akuades, dan SIK konvensional tipe II. Serat sisal (20 g) dipotong (±2 mm), dilanjutkan scouring dengan mereaksikan serat dalam larutan NaOH 6% (3 jam/65ºC), dinetralkan dengan CH3COOH 2% (2 jam/65ºC), ditiriskan, dicuci, dan dikeringkan. Selanjutnya bleaching dengan merendam serat dalam H2O2 3% (3 jam/45ºC), ditiriskan, dicuci, dan dikeringkan. Selanjutnya hidrolisis asam dengan mereaksikan serat dalam H2SO4 30% (1 jam/70ºC), ditiriskan, dicuci, dan dikeringkan. Serat sisal yang telah diproses diuji dengan scanning electron microscope (SEM), kemudian silanisasi dan dikeringkan selama 24 jam. Serat (3% w/w) dicampurkan dalam serbuk SIK, diaduk dengan liquid SIK, dimasukkan ke dalam cetakan sampel dan tutup dengan selluloid strip hingga setting. Setelah 24 jam, sampel direndam dalam akuades (24 jam/37ºC), diuji kekuatan tensile dengan universal testing machine. Data kekuatan tensile dianalisis menggunakan independent t-test. Rerata dan simpangan baku kelompok kontrol dan perlakuan berturut-turut 7,45±0,43 MPa dan 8,53±0,32 MPa. Hasil uji independent t-test menunjukkan kenaikan tidak bermakna (p>0,05). Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penambahan sisal mikro teralkalisasi berpengaruh terhadap kekuatan tensile semen iomer kaca konvensional walaupun tidak bermakna.

Conventional glass ionomer (GIC) cement is a dental filling material which has a low tensile strength. The tensile strength of conventional GIC could be increased by adding materials that have a higher tensile strength such as sisal natural fibers. Sisal fiber undergo alkaline treatment and processed into micro-sized to obtain optimal strengthening. This study aims to determine the effect of the addition of alkalinized micro sisal in increasing tensile strength of conventional GIC. Materials used for this study was sisal fiber (Agave sisalana), 6% NaOH solution, 2% CH3COOH, 3% H2O2, 30% H2SO4, aquadest, and conventional GIC type II. Sisal fiber (20 g) was cut into pieces (± 2 mm) followed with scouring by reacting the fiber in 6% NaOH solution (3 hours/65ºC), then neutralized with 2% CH3COOH (2 hours/65ºC), drained, washed, and dried. The bleaching was then carried out by soaking the fiber in 3% H2O2 (3 hours/45ºC), drained, washed, and dried. Next, the process of acid hydrolysis by reacting the fiber in 30% H2SO4 (1 hour/70ºC), drained, washed, and dried. Sisal fibers that have been processed were tested with scanning electron microscope (SEM), silanized, and dried for 24 hours. Fiber (3% w/w) mixed in GIC powder, stirred with GIC liquid, put into sample molds, and covered with selluloid strips until set. After 24 hours, the sample immersed in distilled water (24 hours / 37°C), then the tensile strength was tested with universal testing machine. Tensile strength data were analyzed using independent t-test (p<0.05). The mean and standard deviation of the control and treatment groups were 7.45 ± 0.43 MPa and 8.53 ± 0.32 MPa, respectively. The independent t-test results showed a no significant increase between groups (p> 0.05). This study shows that the addition of alkalinized micro sisal insignificantly effecting the tensile strength of conventional glass iomer cement.

Kata Kunci : glass ionomer cement, tensile strength, sisal fiber, Agave sisalana, alkalinization