Keberhasilan Transnational Advocacy Networks Dalam Mendorong Legalisasi LGBT Rights di Thailand

INTAN KINANTHI D T, Dr. Poppy Sulistyaning Winanti, M.P.P, M.Sc.

2018 | Tesis | MAGISTER ILMU HUBUNGAN INTERNASIONAL

Isu mengenai LGBT (lesbian, gay, bisexual, and trangender) merupakan sebuah ilmu yang muncul sebagai akibat dari perkembangan ilmu hubungan internasional. Penelitian ini akan membahas mengenai isu LGBT yang terjadi di Thailand. Permasalahan kaum LGBT di Thailand terjadi karena banyaknya diskriminasi dan kriminalisasi terhadap kaum LGBT sebagai akibat perubahan sistem pemerintahan Thailand dari monarki absolut menjadi monarki konstitusional. Perubahan sistem pemerintahan ini berdampak pada terepresinya nilai-nilai dan norma dalam kepercayaan agama Budha tentang kultur yang toleransi terhadap kaum LGBT. Penelitian ini akan menggunakan konsep boomerang pattern pada Transnational Advocacy Network di Thailand untuk menjelaskan upaya jaringan advokasi yang berusaha mendorong kaum LGBT mencapai kesetaraan melalui berbagai upaya, yang bertujuan mendesak pemerintah Thailand mewujudkan kebijakan legalitas LGBT Rights. Penelitian ini juga menggunakan konsep domestic cultural values untuk menggambarkan penerimaan masyarakat Thailand karena adanya keselarasan nilai-nilai dan norma kepercayaan agama Budha dengan kebijakan LGBT Rights di Thailand.

The ever-emerging discipline of international relations is one of the main reasons why the issue on LGBT is arising and being discussed nowadays. In Asia, specifically in Thailand, this issue has been going on a serious discussion throughout the years. Therefore, this research will discuss LGBT issue in Thailand. Problems arise when there is a change happening in Thailand's governmental system from absolute monarch to constitutionalized monarch causing many from the LGBT community in Thailand are being discriminated and criminalized. This significant change in the governmental system in Thailand has made Buddhist values and norms about a culture which believe that they should tolerate LGBT people, are being repressed. This research will use the boomerang pattern concept on Transnational Advocacy Network in Thailand to explain the advocacy network attempt to help and encourage the LGBT community to achieve equality through various efforts, that aimed at urging the Thai government to embody and legalized LGBT rights in gender equality act. On the other hand, this research will be using domestic cultural values concept to describe the acceptance of Thai society because of the conformity of the values and norms of Buddhist belief with the LGBT Rights in Thailand.

Kata Kunci : LGBT Rights, Transnational Advocacy Network, Gender Equality Act