KAJIAN PENGELOLAAN KAWASAN SUAKA MARGASATWA PALIYAN GUNUNG KIDUL BERBASIS MASYARAKAT

ANDHI KURNIAWAN , Ris Hadi Purwanto , Dwiko Budi Permadi

2010 | Skripsi | S1 KEHUTANAN

Kerusakan hutan yang terjadi saat ini, membutuhkan alternatif model pengelolaan untuk menyelesaikannya. Pengetahuan pengelolaan hutan pada kawasan konservasi, masih terbatas pada pengelolaan konvensional dengan minim pelibatan masyarakat sekitar hutan. Dipilihnya Suaka Margasatwa (SM) Paliyan sebagai lokasi penelitian karena kawasan tersebut memiliki keunikan, dimana kondisi kawasan konservasi ini dikelilingi oleh pemukiman masyarakat. Penunjukkan kawasan SM Paliyan yang kurang mempertimbangkan aspek sosial ekonomi masyarakat sekitar hutan menimbulkan permasalahan pengelolaan SM Paliyan tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi permasalahan pengelolaan dan menyusun alternatif pemecahan masalah pengelolaan hutan tersebut. Penelitian yang dilakukan ini berkarakteristik lokal, sehingga penelitian ini menggunakan metode studi kasus. Teknik pengambilan datanya diperoleh dengan cara observasi, wawancara, Focus Group Discussion (FGD) dan studi dokumenter. Observasi dilakukan di hutan SM Paliyan, wawancara dilakukan terhadap key informan dengan menggunakan pedoman wawancara, FGD dilakukan dengan berbagai stakeholder yang terlibat dalam pengelolaan SM Paliyan dan analisa dokumen merupakan analisis terhadap dokumen-dokumen terkait SM Paliyan dan sekitarnya. Berdasarkan analisis terhadap data yang didapat, pengelolaan SM Paliyan saat ini memiliki beberapa permasalahan, antara lain a. permasalahan sosial ekonomi seperti : minimnya lahan garapan masyarakat sekitar hutan yang memicu pembibrikan lahan oleh masyarakat di SM Paliyan, kebutuhan pakan ternak masyarakat yang tinggi berimplikasi pada perusakan tanaman untuk dijadikan HMT, kebutuhan kayu bakar menimbulkan pencurian kayu yang berlebihan di SM Paliyan. b. permasalahan ekologi yaitu tingginya biodiversitas satwa yang ada terutama kera ekor panjang (Macaca fascicularis), perlu difasilitasi keberadaan dan habitatnya. Dari berbagai permasalahan tersebut, maka solusi yang ditawarkan dalam penelitian ini adalah model pengelolaan hutan kawasan suaka margasatwa yang bertujuan menyediakan lahan garapan bagi petani tidak berlahan (petani gurem), meningkatkan produktifitas kayu bakar dan hijauan makan ternak dengan tetap mempertahankan fungsi utama hutan konservasi yaitu perlindungan dan pengawetan jenis satwa serta habitatnya. Tujuan tersebut dijabarkan dalam kemungkinan alternatif solusi permasalahan antara lain : a. pola pengelolaan konvensional, b. pola pengelolaan akomodatif, dan c. pola pengelolaan kolaboratif. ___________________________

Deforestation occured recently needed an alternative forest management to solve while the implementation of the state of forest management in sanctuary reserve area still relied on conventional management which was minimally involving local people living around the area. The Paliyan Sanctuary Reserve was chosen as the research site since the area had got uniqueness where the area was sorrounded by local people residences. Designation of it also which was also less considering social aspects had emerged disputes on its management. Therefore, a research on it was needed to determine the proper measures to be taken to get a better forest management. This research aimed to identifying problems of The Paliyan Sanctuary Reserve management and setting up alternative solutions for its management either. This research was characterized locally so that case study method was employed while data gathering was conducted through observation, interview, FGD (Focus Group Discussion), and documentary study. Its observation was conducted in the research site, interview manual was used to gather information from key informant elect, FGD taken place by inviting stakeholders who were involved in its management, and documentary analysis was an analysis over documents associated with it. According to the analysis conducted, The Paliyan Sanctuary Reserve management currently caused several problems such as a). economic disputes including too small land cultivated by local people stimulated land encroachment, high fodder demand implicated on illegal tree leaves cutting, their need on fire wood caused illegal logging at the site, b). ecological disputes such as deforestation on the site triggered Macaca fascicularis finding their food out of their habitat to survive. The solutions offered for solving emerging disputes were resetting up its management aiming to be more providing local people land to cultivate, increasing the fire wood and fodder productivity by sustaining the main function of sanctuary reserve area which is preservation and protection of animals and their habitats. Those aims were broken down in to three alternative management patterns. They were conventional forest management, accommodative forest management, and collaborative forest management.

Kata Kunci : SM Paliyan, pengelolaan, masyarakat. ___________________________