PENGARUH EDUKASI PARTISIPATIF TERHADAP PENGETAHUAN DAN SIKAP IBU TENTANG TOILET TRAINING PADA ANAK USIA 18-36 BULAN DI YOGYAKARTA

NOVI ISTANTI, Lely Lusmilasari, S.Kp., M.Kes.,Ph.D.; dr. Widya Wasityastuti, M.Sc., M.Med.Ed.,Ph.D

2018 | Tesis | MAGISTER KEPERAWATAN

Latar Belakang : Salah satu tugas perkembangan toddler yang sangat penting yaitu toilet training. Toilet training diberikan tidak sesuai usia akan menimbulkan dampak yaitu masalah ISK, mengompol dan encopresis (Inkontnensia feses). Keberhasilan toilet training dipengaruhi berbagai hal salah satunya adalah kesiapan orang tua khususnya ibu. Tujuan : Mengetahui pengaruh edukasi partisipatif terhadap pengetahuan dan sikap ibu tentang toilet training pada anak usia 18-36 bulan di Yogyakarta. Metode : Penelitian ini menggunakan metode quasi experimental dengan rancangan non equivalent control group with pre-post tes designt. Sampel pada penelitian ini adalah ibu yang memiliki anak usia 18-36 bulan dengan jumlah 68 responden yang terbagi dalam kelompok perlakuan dan kontrol. Kelompok perlakuan mendapatkan edukasi dengan metode partisipatif dengan media poster. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling. Analisis penelitian menggunakan uji statistik Wilcoxon untuk mengetahui perbedaan pengetahuan antara pre test dan post test. Uji statistik Mann Whitney untuk mengetahui perbedaan pengetahuan dan sikap ibu pada kelompok perlakuan dan kontrol. Hasil : Berdasarkan hasil uji Wilcoxon di dapatkan bahwa terdapat peningkatan secara signifikan pengetahuan dan sikap ibu pada kelompok perlakuan dari pre test ke post test II (p < 0,05). Hasil uji Mann Whitney menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan pengetahuan dan sikap ibu pada kelompok perlakuan dan kelompok kontrol berbeda secara bermakna (p<0,05). Hasil analisis multivariat menunjukkan edukasi partisipatif secara signifikan meningkatkan pengetahuan dan sikap ibu tentang toilet training (p<0,05). Kesimpulan : Terdapat pengaruh edukasi partisipatif terhadap pengetahuan dan sikap ibu tentang toilet training (p<0,05)

Background : Children under five years /Balita are children under 5 years of age, including toddlers, children aged 1-3 years. In balita, especially toddlers, one of the most important child development tasks is toilet training that if not given according to age will have an impact, namely the UTI, bedwetting and encopresis (Faecal incontinence), social problems, emotional problems, feeling different from other children, a sense of alienation and disability in children, low self- esteem, anxiety, symptoms of depression. The success of toilet training is influenced by various things, one of which is the readiness of parents, especially mothers, the readiness of mothers includes intellectual/knowledge, physical, and psychological. Objective: To determine the effect of participatory education on mothers knowledge and attitudes about toilet training for children aged 18-36 months in Yogyakarta. Method : Quasi experimental research, non equivalent control group with pre- post test. The intervention group was given participatory education with poster media for 80 minutes with details of pre-test activities, intervention, post-test 1 was carried out immediately after intervention and post-test 2 was carried out after 7 days of intervention while the control group was also given the same intervention but was done after post-test 2. Result : Significant increase on mothers knowledge and attitudes in the treatment group from pre test to post test 1 and post test I to post test II (p <0,05). Knowledge domains increased significantly in domain I, domain II, domain III and domain IV while mothers attitude domains increased significantly in toilet training readiness and toilet training methods. Respondents work greatly influenced the knowledge of toilet training (p <0,05) and the respondents education affected the attitude of toilet training (p <0,05). The results of multivariate analysis showed that participatory education significantly improved mothers knowledge and attitudes about toilet training (p<0,05). Conclusion : There was an effect of participatory education on mothers knowledge and attitudes about toilet training (p<0,05)

Kata Kunci : Edukasi Partisipatif, Pengetahuan dan Sikap Ibu, Toilet Training, Participatory education, Mothers knowledge, Mothers attitude, toilet training