NILAI KARBON HUTAN ALAM DAN TANAMAN MENURUT STRUKTUR TEGAKANNYA (Kasus di PT Berau Coal, Kabupaten Berau, Propinsi Kalimantan Timur)

AL FURQANY WIDHA W., Ris Hadi Purwanto, Ronggo Sadono

2010 | Skripsi | S1 KEHUTANAN

Biomassa dan karbon merupakan hasil fotosintesis yang tersimpan di dalam jaringan tumbuhan. Nilai keduanya menggambarkan kemampuan kawasan hutan dalam menjalankan fungsi sebagai paru-paru dunia. Lokasi penelitian terdiri dari hutan alam sekunder dan tanaman yang belum diketahui struktur tegakan di dalamnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keragaman struktur hutan alam sekunder dan tanaman di kawasan PT Berau Coal, Kalimantan Timur dan mengestimasi kandungan karbon aktual berdasarkan struktur tegakannya. Metode yang digunakan adalah purposive sampling terhadap kawasan hutan di lokasi penelitian. Nilai karbon diperoleh dari kandungan biomassa melalui pendekatan yang dilakukan oleh Brown dan Gaston (1996) dalam Dahlan dkk. (2005). Struktur tegakan hutan alam dikelompokkan melalui pendekatan kelas luas bidang dasar (lbds), sedangkan untuk hutan tanaman terbagi menurut kelas umurnya. Dari hasil penelitian ada empat struktur di hutan alam, yaitu: struktur rendah, struktur sedang, struktur rapat, dan struktur sangat rapat, ada enam struktur di hutan tanaman kawasan PT Berau Coal, yaitu: struktur sangat muda, struktur muda, struktur cukup muda, struktur cukup tua, struktur tua, dan struktur tuae. Nilai karbon di hutan alam berdasarkan struktur tegakannya adalah 495,868 ton/ha untuk struktur rendah, 696,238 ton/ha untuk struktur sedang, 575,61 ton/ha struktur rapat, dan 690,936 ton/ha untuk struktur sangat rapat. Sedangkan nilai karbon di hutan tanaman berdasarkan struktur tegakannya adalah 28,541 ton/ha untuk struktur sangat muda, 23,452 ton/ha untuk struktur muda, 54,494 ton/ha untuk struktur cukup muda, 96,624 ton/ha untuk struktur cukup tua, 119,973 ton/ha untuk struktur tua, dan 200,07 ton/ha untuk struktur tuae. Nilai karbon ditinjau dari struktur tegakannya bergantung pada keragaman jenis, jumlah pohon per hektar, dan luas bidang dasarnya.

Biomass and carbon was the products of photosynthesis process that was placed in the tissue of plants. Both of them explained the ability of forest region in its function as the carbondioxyde (CO2) absorber. The researched location consisted of natural forest and plantation forest that the structure of its stands was not known yet. The aim of this researched was knowing the structure type of natural forest and plantation forest in region of PT Berau Coal and estimating the actual value of carbon based on its structure of stands Method that used is this researched was purposive sampling about forest region in the researched location. The value of carbon was got from the implied of plants biomass that was found by Brown and Gaston (1996) dalam Dahlan et al. (2005). Stand structure in natural forest was formed through approximation of basal area classification, whereas plantation forest was divided by its age. The resulted of researched was four structures of natural forest, they are low structure, medium structure, dense structure, and very dense structure, then six structure of plantation forest in region of PT Berau Coal, they are very young structure, young structure, young adequate structure, old adequate structure, old structure, and olde structure. The value of carbon based on a stand structure in virgin forest are 495,868 ton/ha for low structure, 696,238 ton/ha for medium structure, 575,61 ton/ha for dense structure, and 690,936 ton/ha for very dense structure. Whereas the value of carbon based on a stand structure in plantation forest are 28,541 ton/ha for very young structure, 23,452 ton/ha for young structure, 54,494 ton/ha for young adequate structure, 96,624 ton/ha for old adequate structure, 119,973 ton/ha for old structure, and 200,07 ton/ha for olde structure . The value of carbon on a stand structure depended on total of various species, amount of trees per ha, and its basal area.

Kata Kunci : nilai karbon, struktur tegakan