PEMILIHAN HABITAT BURUNG MANDAR BESAR (Porphyrio porphyrio) DI HUTAN RAWA PANTAI KECAMATAN NGOMBOL KABUPATEN PURWOREJO

SITTA YUSTI AZIZAH, Supriyandono

2011 | Skripsi | S1 KEHUTANAN

Burung Mandar Besar (Porphyrio porphyrio) atau Purple swamphen termasuk dalam anggota Famili Ralidae. Burung ini termasuk burung air yang menggantungkan hidupnya pada lahan basah. Di Indonesia burung ini tidak dilindungi namun beberapa sub spesies burung Mandar Besar di Eropa mengalami penurunan populasi karena mengeringnya lahan basah. Konversi lahan basah di Indonesia dapat mengancam keberadaan burung ini. Penelitian mengenai burung Mandar Besar di Indonesia juga masih minim. Salah satu lahan basah yang masih menjadi habitat burung Mandar Besar di Indonesia yaitu di Hutan Rawa Pantai Kecamatan Ngombol Kabupaten Purworejo atau terletak pada 109054’ - 109059’ BT dan 07051’ - 070 Tipe habitat bagi burung Mandar Besar di Hutan Rawa Pantai Kecamatan Ngombol Kabupaten Purworejo ada 3 macam yaitu hutan rawa, hutan mangrove, dan sawah. Luas rata-rata daerah jelajah burung Mandar Besar yaitu 7,04 ha dengan jarak titik terjauh rata-rata sejauh 1,19 km. Berdasarkan uji chi square diketahui bahwa burung Mandar Besar melakukan pemilihan terhadap tipe-tipe habitat yang ada. Tipe habitat yang paling disukai burung Mandar Besar adalah rawa karena dapat memenuhi kebutuhan hidup Mandar Besar meliputi tempat perlindungan, istirahat, membangun sarang, dan sumber pakan.

Purple swamphen (Porphyrio porphyrio) belongs to Rallidae Family members. This bird is a water bird that depends its life on wetlands. In Indonesia, this bird is not protected but some sub-species of birds in Europe experience a population decrease due to the drying up wetlands. Conversions of Indonesian wetlands could threaten the existence of this bird. There is also still limited research on this bird in Indonesia. One of the wetlands that still becomes the habitat of Purple Swamphen birds in Indonesia is the Swamp Forest Ngombol Subdistrict Purworejo Regency which is located at 1090 054'- 1090 059' EL and 070 051 '- 070 052' EL. This study aims to find the characteristics of the habitat selection by Purple Swamphen. As a beginning, an identification of the habitat type and the home range by Purple Swamphen was done. The data collection was held from 18 October up to 22 December 2009 at the end of a dry season when the surface of the swamp was still high. The habitat type was found out through a map which was made based on the direct measurement in the field using a GPS. The home range was found out through the MCP (Minimum Convex Polygon) method by measuring the size of the polygon based on the outermost points of the Purple Swamphen arrival which were connected. The characteristics of the habitat selection were found out through the chi square test of the point of the bird arrival with the existence habitat. Those birds were fitted with transmitters and monitored using radiotelemetry. The samples of the study were three Purple Swamphens. The habitat types of Swamp Forest Ngombol Subdistrict Purworejo Regency are three kinds of swamp forests, mangrove forests, and rice fields. The average size of home range area of Purple Swamphen is 7.04 ha with an average mileage as far as 1.19 kilometers. Based on the chi square test, it was determined that the Purple Swamphen did a selection of the existing habitat types. The most preferred type of habitat for the birds is the swamp forest because it can fulfill its life necessities including a shelter, a place to rest, a nest, and a food resource.

Kata Kunci : burung mandar besar, radiotelemetri, wilayah jelajah, habitat, Purworejo