RELASI ANTARA MODAL SOSIAL MASYARAKAT DENGAN IMPLEMENTASI PHBM DI DESA JONO, KECAMATAN TEMAYANG, KABUPATEN BOJONEGORO, JAWA TIMUR

EKA WIDIYANTO, Bowo Dwi Siswoko

2012 | Skripsi | S1 KEHUTANAN

Tendensi pengelolaan hutan berkelanjutan dalam konteks PHBM tidak cukup dilandasi atas pemenuhan aspek ekonomi belaka, tetapi mencakup aspek ekologi dan sosial budaya di tingkat lokal. Untuk mencapai keseimbangan terhadap ketiga aspek tersebut, diperlukan peran aktif masyarakat lokal dengan potensi modal sosial yang dimilikinya. Dukungan modal sosial masyarakat akan menentukan arah tujuan implementasi PHBM secara ideal, utamanya dalam mewujudkan masyarakat desa hutan mandiri dan hutan lestari. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui modal sosial masyarakat, terutama yang berkaitan dengan implementasi PHBM, serta relasi antara modal sosial masyarakat dengan implementasi PHBM. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Desa Jono, Kecamatan Temayang, Kabupaten Bojonegoro, yang termasuk dalam wilayah administratif RPH sampang, BKPH Dander, KPH Bojonegoro. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif-deskriptif dengan metode studi kasus. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara wawancara mendalam, observasi, dan studi dokumentasi. Analisis data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan analisis data kualitatif yang dilakukan secara interaktif dari awal sampai akhir penelitian, serta disajikan dalam bentuk deskripsi, tabulasi, dan uraian. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, diketahui wujud modal sosial masyarakat Desa Jono berupa elemen kearifan lokal (tradisi budaya dan pengetahuan lokal), kepercayaan, norma sosial, dan jaringan sosial. Esensi modal sosial ini ditransformasikan dalam nilai-nilai sosio kultural berupa : solidaritas komunal, rasa kekeluargaan, handarbeni, kebersamaan, empati, partisipasi dan demokrasi lokal, gotong royong, keterbukaan, serta etos dan jejaring kerja. Terlebih lagi dalam upaya pengembangan Desa Wisata Budaya. Sedangkan relasi antara modal sosial masyarakat dan implementasi PHBM di Desa Jono menunjukkan realitas yang positif dalam aspek teknis dan non teknis (sosio kultural) pelaksanaan PHBM, penguatan dan peningkatan kapasitas kelembagaan, upaya mengatasi dan meminimalisir problematika di lapangan, serta mendukung esensi implementasi PHBM secara umum. Hal ini dibuktikan dengan berbagai capaian prestasi LMDH Jati Makmur di ranah lokal maupun nasional.

Tendency of sustainable forest management in the context of CBFM is not enough only based on the fulfillment of the economic aspects, but includes ecological and socio-cultural aspects at the local level. To achieve a balance of the three aspects, required active participation of local communities with its potential for social capital. Support of community social capital will determine the direction for the implementation of ideal CBFM, especially in achieve an independent forest communities and sustainable forest. This research aimed to determine the community social capital, particularly which related to the implementation of CBFM, as well as the relation between community social capital with the implementation of CBFM. This research was conducted in the Jono village, Temayang Sub District, Bojonegoro District, which included in the administrative area of RPH Sampang, BKPH Dander, KPH Bojonegoro. This study used descriptive qualitative approach with case study method. Data was collected by in-depth interviews, observation, and study documentation. Data analysis in this study using qualitative data analysis is done interactively from the beginning to the end of the research, and presented in the form of description, tabulation, and naration. Based on this research, it is known form of social capital in the Jono village are indigenous elements (cultural traditions and local knowledge), trust, social norms, and social networks. The essence of social capital is transformed into socio-cultural values in the form of : communal solidarity, a sense of family, handarbeni, togetherness, empathy, participation and local democracy, mutual cooperation, transparency, ethics and networking. Moreover, in the development of Cultural Tourism Village. While the relationship between social capital and the implementation of CBFM in the Jono village showed a positive reality in technical and non-technical aspects (socio-cultural) CBFM implementation, institutional strengthening and capacity building, as well as efforts to overcome and minimize problems in the field, and support the implementation of CBFM general essence. This is evidenced by the various honour achievements of LMDH Jati Makmur in the local and national level.

Kata Kunci : modal sosial, masyarakat, PHBM