ASOSIASI POLIMORFISME GEN PITUITARY POSITIVE TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR-1 TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN AYAM BC1 HIBRIDA (Gallus gallus gallus Linnaeus, 1758) HASIL PERSILANGAN AYAM BETINA F1 BROILER DENGAN JANTAN PELUNG

DESY RETNOSARI, Dr. Budi Setiadi Daryono, M.Agr.Sc.

2018 | Skripsi | S1 BIOLOGI

Pituitary Positive Transcription Factor-1 (PIT-1) merupakan salah satu gen yang berkaitan erat dengan pertumbuhan dan produktivitas ayam. Gen ini merupakan faktor regulator positif pada transkripsi khusus untuk ekspresi gen penyandi hormon pertumbuhan (GH), prolaktin (PRL), dan Thyroid Stimulating Hormon Alfa (TSH-Alfa). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui karakter fenotip ayam BC1 hibrida, pertumbuhan ayam BC1 hibrida, dan mendeteksi polimorfisme gen PIT-1 serta pengaruhnya terhadap pertumbuhan ayam BC1 hibrida. Tahapan penelitian yang dilakukan yaitu pemeliharaan ayam, pengambilan data pertumbuhan berat badan ayam, isolasi DNA, amplifikasi gen PIT-1 dengan PCR, elektroforesis hasil PCR dan sekuensing gen PIT-1 dengan metode Sanger. Analisis data meliputi grafik pertumbuhan berat badan ayam, hubungan bobot ayam diuji menggunakan analisis signifikansi program SPSS 16.0 one-way anova, data hasil sekuensing DNA di-assembling menggunakan program gene studio, di-alignment dengan software clustal omega, kemudian dianalisis uji korelasi Pearson. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini yaitu fenotip ayam BC1 hibrida mendekati karakter fenotip dari ayam Pelung. Pertumbuhan bobot badan ayam BC1 hibrida lebih tinggi daripada bobot badan ayam Pelung. Tidak ditemukan polimorfisme pada Gen PIT-1 ekson 6 ayam BC1 hibrida hasil persilangan ayam betina F1 Broiler dengan ayam jantan Pelung.

Pituitary Positive Transcription Factor-1 (PIT-1) is a gene that is closely related to chicken growth and productivity. This gene is a positive regulatory factor on specific transcriptions for the expression of growth hormone (GH), prolactin (PRL), and Thyroid Stimulating Hormone Alfa (TSH-Alfa) genes. The purpose of this study was to determine the phenotypic characters of hybrid BC1 chickens, growth of hybrid BC1 chickens, and to detect PIT-1 gene polymorphism and its effect on the growth of hybrid BC1 chickens. The stages of this research were chicken breeding, data collection of chickens weight growth, DNA isolation, PIT-1 gene amplification by PCR, PCR electrophoresis, and PIT-1 gene sequencing using the Sanger method. Data analysis included the growth chart of chicken weights; the correlation between chicken weights that was tested using the significance analysis of SPSS 16.0 one-way anova program; DNA sequencing data that was assembled using gene studio program; alignment with clustal omega software; and Pearson correlation test between chicken weights with polymorphism points. The conclusion showed that hybrid BC1 chickens resulting from a cross between betina F1 Broiler chicken and jantan Pelung chicken had varied phenotypic characters which were approaches the Pelung characters. The growth of hybrid BC1 chicken body weight was lower - with the average weight at the 7th week was 419.08 grams - compared to F1 Broiler chickens, but higher than the Pelung chickens. There was not exon 6 PIT-1 gene polymorphism found in hybrid BC1 chickens resulting from a cross between betina F1 Broiler chickens and jantan Pelung chickens.

Kata Kunci : polimorfisme, gen PIT-1, ayam hibrida, pertumbuhan