KERAGAMAN DAN KEMELIMPAHAN JENIS IKAN KARANG (CHAETODONTIDAE) SERTA PREFERENSI HABITAT DI PERAIRAN BULUTUI DAN BAHOI, MINAHASA UTARA

ELISABETH ASTARI, Drs. Trijoko, M.Si.

2018 | Skripsi | S1 BIOLOGI

Salah satu famili ikan yang digunakan sebagai indikator kondisi terumbu karang adalah famili Chaetodontidae. Namun keberadaan dan preferensi pakan dari ikan indikator ini masih kurang dilaporkan. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengamati keragaman, kemelimpahan, karakteristik habitat dari ikan karang famili Chaetodontidae, indeks similaritas dan penutupan karang di perairan Bahoi dan Bulutui. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Maret dan April 2018. Pengamatan dilakukan dengan Butterfly Fishes Method (BMF) dan Line Intercept Transect (LIT) pada kedalaman 3 dan 9 meter. Ditemukan total 22 spesies ikan dari famili Chaetodontidae dengan 13 spesies yang sama terdapat di kedua perairan. Terdapat 3 spesies yang hanya ditemukan di perairan Bahoi dan 6 spesies yang hanya dijumpai di perairan Bulutui. Habitat ikan karang famili Chaetodontidae bervariasi tergantung jenis makanan yang disukai. Dari 22 jenis ikan, 4 jenis bertempat tinggal di area patahan karang (rubble) dan karang mati tertutupi alga (dead coral with algae), dua belas 12 jenis ikan bertempat tinggal di area karang keras, 2 jenis bertempat tinggal di area karang lunak (soft coral), dan 4 jenis dijumpai di berbagai substrat. Indeks kesamaan antara perairan adalah 76,47%. Penutupan karang di perairan Bahoi tergolong sedang dan Bulutui tergolong baik. Dari penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa keragaman ikan famili Chaetodontidae dipengaruhi oleh tempat perlindungan dan pemilihan makanan mempengaruhi.

One of the family of fish that had been used as an indicator of the condition of coral reefs is the family Chaetodontidae. But the availability and food preference of this indicator fish were still less reported. This study was conducted to observe the diversity, abundance, habitat characteritics of fish of the family Chaetodontidae, similarity index and coral coverage in Bahoi and Bulutui waters. This research was held in March and April 2018. Observations were made with the Butterflyfish Method (BFM) and Line Intercept Transect (LIT) at 3 and 9 meters depth. In this research it was found that a total of 22 species of fish of the family Chaetodontidae with 13 similar species were found in both waters. There were 3 species found only in Bahoi waters and 6 species found only in Bulutui waters. Fishes of family Chaetodontidae habitat varies depending on the type of food that is preferred. Of the 22 species of fish, 4 species reside in rubble and dead coral areas, 12 species live in soft coral areas, 4 species found in various substrates. Similarity index between the waters was 76,47%. Coral cover in Bahoi waters was classified as moderate and for Bulutui waters was classified as good. From this study it could be concluded that shelter and food selection influence the fish family Chaetodontidae diversity.

Kata Kunci : keragaman, ikan indikator, Chaetodontidae, Minahasa Utara