Pengaruh arang dan kompos dari limbah perkebunan kakao terhadap pertumbuhan bibit kakao

ANDRIAN OKTADHITAMA NASUTION, Nasih Widya Yuwono, S.P., M.P. ; Dr.agr. Cahyo Wulandari. S.P., M.P

2018 | Skripsi | S1 ILMU TANAH

Pertumbuhan bibit kakao sangat dipengaruhi karakteristik tanah terutama sifat kimia tanah dan kesuburan tanah. Sifat kimia tanah meliputi kadar unsur hara mikro dan makro dalam tanah, kejenuhan basa, kapasitas pertukaran kation, pH atau kemasaman tanah, dan kadar bahan organik. Sementara itu, sifat fisik tanah yang meliputi tekstur, konsistensi, kedalaman efektif tanah (solum), dan akumulasi endapan suatu unsur (konkresi) relatif sulit diperbaiki, meskipun teknologi perbaikannya telah ada. Sifat biologi tanah belum menjadi pertimbangan dalam melakukan penilaian kesesuaian lahan, karena hubungannya belum banyak diketahui secara pasti. Namun secara tidak langsung sifat tersebut mempengaruhi pertumbuhan tanaman. Dengan limbah perkebunan kakao yang melimpah apabila diolah dengan baik dapat dimanfaatkan untuk meningkatkan kesuburan tanah yang ada pada lokasi perkebunan kakao di Segayung Utara.Untuk mengetahui manfaat dari limbah kakao maka dilakukan analisis kadar lengas, pH tanah, N total, P tersedia, K tersedia, KPK tanah,Ca tersedia, Mg tersedia, Na tersedia dan bahan organik tanah. Dari hasil penelitian ini semakin banyak arang dan kompos maka semakin tinggi parameter morfologi bibit kakao seperti diameter batang, jumlah daun dan tinggi tanaman, karena arang dan kompos meningkatkan sifat kimia tanah yaitu bahan organik, N total tanah, K tersedia tanah dan KPK tanah.

Cocoa seedling growth is strongly influenced by soil characteristics, especially soil chemical properties and soil fertility. Soil chemical properties include levels of micro and macro nutrients in the soil, base saturation, cation exchange capacity, pH or soil acidity, and organic matter content. Meanwhile, the physical properties of soil which include texture, consistency, effective soil depth (solum), and accumulation of sediment of an element (concretion) are relatively difficult to repair, even though the repair technology already exists. The biological properties of soil have not been taken into consideration in conducting land suitability assessments, because the relationship has not been known with certainty. But indirectly these properties affect plant growth. With abundant cocoa plantation waste if treated properly, it can be used to improve soil fertility at the location of cocoa plantations in North Segayung. To find out the benefits of cocoa waste analysis of moisture content, soil pH, total N, P available, K available, Soil KPK, Ca available, Mg available, Na available and soil organic matter. From the results of this study, the more charcoal and compost, the higher the morphological parameters of cocoa seeds such as stem diameter, number of leaves and plant height, because charcoal and compost improve soil chemical properties, namely organic matter, total N soil, available soil K and soil cation capacity exchange.

Kata Kunci : Kata kunci :arang, kompos,alfisol, bahan organik, morfologi tanaman.