Kajian Kualitas Air dengan Total Bakteri dan Total Vibrio sp. pada Periode Blind feeding Tambak Intensif Udang Vaname (Litopenaeus vannamei Boone) di Pesisir Kuwaru Kabupaten Bantul

DWI ANINDRA YOGA P, Dr. Ir. Bambang Triyatmo, M. P.

2018 | Skripsi | S1 AKUAKULTUR

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara kualitas air dengan total bakteri dan total Vibrio sp. pada periode blind feeding tambak intensif Udang Vaname (Litopenaeus vannamei Boone) di Pesisir Kuwaru Kabupaten Bantul. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian adalah pengamatan (observasi) langsung pada tambak dan data sekunder dari teknisi tambak. Tambak yang diamati menggunakan konstruksi biocrete dengan lapis High Density Poly Ethylene (HDPE) dengan ukuran 60 x 60 m2 dan kedalaman air 100 - 170 cm. Hasil penelitian selama umur pemeliharaan udang vaname (30 hari) menunjukkan kisaran kualitas air : oksigen terlarut 3,8 - 11,5 mg/L; derajat keasaman (pH) 7,7 - 9,4; suhu 27,7 - 30,7 oC; salinitas 19 - 22 ppt; nitrit 0,002 - 0,05 mg/L dan alkalinitas 74 - 148 mg/L termasuk optimal untuk budidaya udang vaname, sedangkan kualitas air : bahan organik 62 - 108 mg/L dan nitrat 0,350 - 10 mg/L termasuk kurang optimal. Total bakteri selama pengamatan bersifat fluktuatif dengan rentang total bakteri 5,0 x 104 - 4,8 x 106 cfu/ml dan rentang total Vibrio sp. 8,0 x 101 - 3,9 x 103. Hubungan total bakteri (y1) dan total Vibrio sp. (y2) dengan bahan organik (x1), oksigen terlarut (x2), derajat keasaman (x3), suhu (x4), salinitas (x5), nitrat (x6), dan alkalinitas (x7) dengan menunjukkan persamaan berupa y1 = -2,194 + 0,026 x1 - 0,006 x2 - 0,281 x3 + 0,319 x4 - 0,141 x5 + 0,139 x6 + 0,007 x7 (R2 = 0,798) (Signifikansi = 0,045) dan y2 = - 10,905 + 0,009 x1 + 0,078 x2 - 0,034 x3 + 1,171 x4 -0,,893 x5 - 0,062 x6 + 0,002 x7 (R2 = 0,839) (Signifikansi = 0,022).

This study aimed to determine the relation between water quality and total bacteria as well as total Vibrio sp. during blind feeding period in intensive white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei Boone) ponds on Kuwaru coastal area Bantul Regency. The method used in the study were direct observation on the ponds and used secondary data from the pond technician. The observed ponds used biocrete construction with 60 x 60 m2 High Density Poly Ethylene (HDPE) layer and 100 - 170 cm water depth. The result of this study for 30 days of white shrimp cultivation showed that the value range of dissolved oxygen 3,8 - 11,5 mg/L; pH 7,7 - 9,4; temperature 27,7 - 30,7 oC; salinity 19 - 22 ppt; nitrite 0,002 - 0,05 and alkalinity 74 - 148 mg/L wich were in optimal range for cultivation of white shrimp, while organic matter 62 - 108 mg/L and nitrate 0,035 - 10 mg/L were in less optimal range. The total bacteria during the observation period had shown to be fluctuative with range of total bacteria 5,0 x 104 - 4,8 x 106 cfu/ml and the range of total vibrio 8,0 x 101 - 3,9 x 103. The relation between total bacteria (y1) as well as total Vibrio (y2) and organic material (x1), dissolved oxygen (x2), pH (x3), temperature (x4), salinity (x5), nitrate (x6), alkalinity (x7) were shown in this equation y1 = -2,194 + 0,026 x1 - 0,006 x2 - 0,281 x3 + 0,319 x4 - 0,141 x5 + 0,139 x6 + 0,007 x7 (R2 = 0,798) (Significance = 0,045) and y2 = - 10,905 + 0,009 x1 + 0,078 x2 - 0,034 x3 + 1,171 x4 - 0,893 x5 - 0,062 x6 + 0,002 x7 (R2 = 0,839) (Significance = 0,022).

Kata Kunci : bakteri, bahan organik, suhu, udang, vibrio