TERRESTRIAL TURN: DISKURSUS ANTROPOSEN DALAM FILSAFAT TEKNOLOGI

RANGGA KALA MAHASWA, Drs. Imam Wahyudi, M.Hum.; Dr. Sindung Tjahyadi.

2018 | Skripsi | S1 FILSAFAT

Sejak satu dekade terakhir, Antroposen menjadi kajian wacana ilmiah di ranah geologi yang menjelaskan waktu permulaan ketika aktivitas manusia mulai memiliki pengaruh global secara geologis. Bahkan pada tahun 2017, Techne: Research in Philosophy and Technology menerbitkan dua jurnal edisi khusus dengan tema utama Antroposen dan teknologi. Pada terbitan itu terdapat kritik atas kekurangan tren Empirical Turn yang tidak melibatkan konsekuensi teknologi secara keplanetan. Kritik itu dikenal dengan istilah Terrestrial Turn. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode studi kepustakaan untuk meneliti masalah aktual tentang keterkaitan teoretis antara diskursus teknologi di Antroposen dan sebaliknya. Relasi Antroposen beserta kemunculan Terrestrial Turn menjadi objek material penelitian sedangkan objek formal menggunakan refleksi historisitas filsafat teknologi. Terdapat beberapa kesimpulan yang meneguhkan bahwa Antroposen menjadi dasar filosofis lahirnya Terrestrial Turn. Pertama, aktivitas teknologis menjadi salah satu variabel utama pada model persamaan Antroposen. Kedua, lahirnya Terrestrial Turn terinspirasi dari persoalan konkret Antroposen tentang relasi, kebaruan dan keberlanjutan teknologi. Antroposen memiliki konsekuensi logis pada filsafat teknologi bahwa teknologi harus memuat visi keterbukaan dunia secara ontologis. Ketiga, status terra incognita Antroposen melandasi sifat desain dan penggunaan teknologi adaptif mengikuti proses bumi. Terakhir, strategi penerapan paradigma Terrestrial Turn di masa depan ialah dengan cara mempertimbangkan ulang prinsip teknologi yang non-antroposentris, realis, emansipatoris, transformasional dan membumi.

Since the last decade, Anthropocene has become a scientific discourse in the geology which explains the beginning of time when human activities on Earth it began to have global effects geologically. In 2017, the journal Techne: Research in Philosophy and Technology published two special editions regarding the issue of Anthropocene and technology. In this publication, there is a critique on the Empirical Turn trend in philosophy of technology that does not involve the consequences of technology in planetary ways. Its criticism is known as Terrestrial Turn. This research examines the actual problems of the theoretical linkages between technological discourse in Anthropocene and vice versa. The relation of the Anthropocene with the emergence of Terrestrial Turn is the object of this research while the reflection on the history of philosophy of technology is the lens guiding the research. There are several conclusions that confirm the Anthropocene as the philosophical foundation of the birth of Terrestrial Turn. First, technological activities become one of the primary variables in the Anthropocene equation model. Second, the birth of Terrestrial Turn is inspired by concrete issues in the Anthropocene about relations, novelty and even technological sustainability. The Anthropocene has logical consequences on the philosophy of technology where technology must contain the vision of ontological openness of the world. Third, the status of terra incognita in the Anthropocene underlines the design and use of the technology on the adaptive mode to follow the Earth process. Finally, the strategy to implement Terrestrial Turn paradigm in the future is to reconsider the non-anthropocentric technology, realist view, emancipatory moment, transformational form and Earthbound.

Kata Kunci : Anthropocene, Empirical Turn, Philosophy of Technology, Techne