PRODUKTIVITAS ANAK KAMBING PERIODE PRA-SAPIH HASIL PERSILANGAN PEJANTAN KAMBING GEMBRONG DENGAN BETINA KAMBING PERANAKAN ETAWAH DAN BLIGON

REGITA AISYAH NIRMALA, Prof. Ir. I Gede Suparta Budisatria, M.Sc., Ph.D., IPU.

2018 | Skripsi | S1 ILMU DAN INDUSTRI PETERNAKAN

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui produktivitas anak kambing hasil persilangan pejantan kambing Gembrong pada periode pra-sapih. Penelitian dilaksanakan bulan April sampai Agustus 2018 di kandang Laboratorium Ternak Potong, Kerja, dan Kesayangan Fakultas Peternakan, Universitas Gadjah Mada dengan mengamati 8 ekor anak kambing dari induk kambing PE dan 8 ekor anak kambing dari induk kambing Bligon. Variabel yang diamati meliputi litter size, sex ratio, konsumsi susu, mortalitas pra-sapih, bobot lahir, bobot sapih, pertambahan bobot badan harian, dan ukuran tubuh (panjang badan, tinggi gumba, tinggi pinggul, lebar dada, lebar pinggul, dalam dada, lingkar dada, panjang kepala, lebar kepala, panjang telinga), karakteristik eksterior berupa profil muka, bentuk telinga, warna tubuh, serta konsumsi pakan dan perubahan bobot badan induk. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis secara deskriptif kuantitatif, dan analisis statistik Independent Sampel t-test. Hasil analisis statistik menunjukkan, anak hasil persilangan kambing Gembrong x Bligon dan Gembrong x PE tidak berbeda nyata pada semua variabel yang diamati. Litter size kelompok Gembrong x Bligon dan Gembrong x PE yaitu 1,60 dan 1,14 ekor. Sex ratio (jantan:betina) kelompok Gembrong x Bligon adalah 37,5%:62,5%, kelompok Gembrong x PE adalah 75%:25%. Rerata konsumsi susu 653,30±110,11 ml/ekor/hari dan 607,60±58,00 ml/ekor/hari. Mortalitas sebesar 37,50% dan 50%. Rerata bobot lahir 2,01±0,58 kg dan 2,26±0,48 kg, bobot sapih 7,44±1,55 kg dan 6,00±1,07 kg, pertambahan bobot badan harian 58,00±14,8 g/ekor/hari dan 37,50±32,02 g/ekor/hari. Disimpulkan bahwa anak kambing periode pra-sapih hasil dari persilangan pejantan kambing Gembrong dengan betina kambing Peranakan Etawah dan Bligon mempunyai produktivitas yang serupa.

The study was conducted to determine the productivity of pre-weaning kids resulted from crossing of Gembrong buck with Etawah Grade and Bligon does. The research was conducted from April to August 2018 at the Laboratory of Meat, Draught and Companion Animal, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, using 8 kid from Etawah Grade does and 8 kid from Bligon does. The variables studied were consisted of litter size, sex ratio, milk consumption, mortality, birth weight, weaning weight, average daily gain, and body size (body length, body height, hip height, chest width, hip width, chest size, heart girth, head length, head width, ear length), exterior characteristics such as face profile, ear shape, body color, and feed intakes and body weight changes. The data were analyzed using quantitative descriptive for exterior characterstics and statistical analysis of Independent Sample t-test were used to analyse the quantitative variables. The statistical analysis showed that the kids from the crossing of Gembrong x Bligon and Gembrong x PE were not significantly differs on all observed variables. Litter size from Gembrong x Bligon group and Gembrong x PE group was 1.60 and 1,14 times, sex ratio (male: female) of kid from crossing of Gembrong x Bligon group was 37.5%:62.5%, while kids from crossing of Gembrong x PE group is 75%:25%. Average milk consumption was 653.30±110.11 ml/head/day and 607.60±58.00 ml/head/day, respectively. Mortality rate was 37,50% and 50%. The average birth weights were 2.01±0.58 kg and 2.26±0.48 kg, weaning weights was 7.44±1.55 kg and 6.00±1.07 kg, average daily gain was 58.00±14,8 g/head/day and 37.50±32.02 g/head/day, respectively for kids from crossing of Gembrong x Bligon group and Gembrong x PE group. It is concluded that pre-weaning productivity of kids from the crossing of Gembrong buck with Etawah Grade and Bligon does were similar.

Kata Kunci : Gembrong Buck, Etawah Grade Doe, Bligon Doe, Crossing, Productivity, Pre-weaning period