HUBUNGAN ANTARA POLIMORFISME GEN ADH3 DENGAN PERILAKU MINUM ALKOHOL PADA MAHASISWA PAPUA DI YOGYAKARTA

DEWANTO YUSUF P, dr.Yudha Nurhantari, Sp.F, Ph.D; Dr.Dra.Suhartini, Apt., SU

2018 | Tesis | MAGISTER ILMU KEDOKTERAN KLINIS

Latar Belakang dan Tujuan Penyalahgunaan alkohol dan intoksikasi alkohol dipercaya tekait dengan faktor genetik. Gen-gen penghasil enzim pemetabolisme alkohol seperti alkohol dehidrogenase (ADH) berpengaruh besar terhadap hal ini. ADH memiliki banyak jenis, di antaranya ADH3. Peneliti ingin melihat polimorfisme gen ADH3 hubungan antara polimorfisme gen ADH3 dengan perilaku minum pada mahasiswa Etnis Papua di Yogyakarta. Metode Sebanyak 39 responden (29 peminum alkohol, dan 10 bukan peminum alkohol) mahasiswa Etnis Papua yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dilibatkan dalam penelitian. Responden diwawancara dan diambil sampel darahnya kemudian dilakukan isolasi DNA, pemeriksaan kadar DNA, elektroforesis, RFLP, dan penentuan polimorfisme. Perilaku minum diukur menurut rutinitas, frekuensi, volume, dan durasi. Analisis data menggunakan chi square untuk data kualitatif dan ANOVA untuk kuantitatif. Hasil Peminum kebanyakan berusia remaja dan berjenis kelamin pria. Rata-rata responden sudah minum minuman beralkohol dengan durasi 5,53 tahun, frekuensi 2,2 kali per bulan, dan volume per minggu 902,62 ml. Dari 39 sampel tersebut, ditemukan 3 jenis gen ADH3, yaitu ADH3*1/*1 (13 sampel / 33,3%); ADH3*1/*2 (14 orang / 35,9%) dan ADH3*2/*2 (12 orang / 30,8%). Kesimpulan Terdapat polimorfisme gen ADH3*1/*1, ADH3*1/*2, dan ADH3*2/*2. Jenis gen tersebut secara statistik tidak memiliki hubungan yang signifikan terhadap perilaku minum pada subyek mahasiswa Etnis Papua. Kata kunci : alkoholisme, gen ADH3, polimorfisme, Papua

Background and aim of study Alcohol abuse and alcohol intoxication are believed to be related to genetic factors. The genes that produce alcohol metabolizing enzymes such as alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) have a major effect on this. ADH has many types, including ADH3. Researchers want to see ADH3 polymorphism and the those relationship with drinking habits in Papuan students in Yogyakarta. Method A total of 39 respondents (29 alcohol drinkers, and 10 non-alcoholic drinkers) ethnic Papuan students who met the inclusion criteria were included in the study. Respondents were interviewed and blood samples were taken and then underwent DNA isolation, DNA level examination, electrophoresis, RFLP, and determination of polymorphism. Drinking behavior measured with routinity, duration, volume, and frequency. Data analyzed by chi square for qualitative and ANOVA for quantitative data. Results Drinkers are mostly teenagers and male. Respondent has been drunk alcohol for average 5.53 years, 902,62 ml per week, and 2,2 times per month. Of the 39 samples, there were 3 types of ADH3 genes; ADH3*1/*1 (13 samples / 33.3%); ADH3*1/*2 (14 people / 35.9%) and ADH3*2/*2 (12 people / 30.8%). Conclusion There was ADH3*1/*1, ADH3*1/*2,and ADH3*2/*2 gene polymorphism and those are related but not statistically significance with drinking habits on Papuans student. Keyword : alcoholism, ADH3 gene, Papua, polymorphism

Kata Kunci : alcoholism, ADH3 gene, Papua, polymorphism