Analisis Pendapatan Usaha Cow Calf Operation Sapi Simmental-Peranakan Ongole (Simpo) pada Peternakan Rakyat di Kecamatan Imogiri dan Kecamatan Prambanan, Yogyakarta

RESTU MEKAR M, Dr. Ir. Rini Widiati, MS ; Ir. Tri Satya Mastuti Widi, S.Pt.,MP.,M.Sc.,Ph.D.,IPM

2018 | Skripsi | S1 ILMU DAN INDUSTRI PETERNAKAN

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik usaha dan menganalisis pendapatan usaha cow calf operation Sapi Simpo. Penelitian dilakukan di Kecamatan Imogiri dan Kecamatan Prambanan, Yogyakarta pada Bulan April sampai Juni 2018. Penentuan sampel dengan metode purposive sampling sebanyak 30 ekor induk Sapi Simpo disetiap kecamatan. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan survei melalui wawancara langsung pada peternak sapi menggunakan kuesioner dan dilanjutkan dengan observasi langsung pada induk sapi. Analisis data untuk profil peternak, karakteristik usaha, dan parameter teknis menggunakan analisis statistik deskriptif. Analisis pendapatan dilakukan dengan menghitung selisih penerimaan dengan biaya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata service of conception, calving interval, mortalitas pedet, umur penjualan pedet dan harga penjualan pedet dari usaha cow calf operation di Kecamatan Imogiri dan Prambanan berturut-turut yaitu 2,57 , 17,13 bulan, 20%, 6,27 bulan, dan Rp 7.866.667,00 per ekor. Dari karakteristik tersebut maka pendapatan dalam bentuk net farm income usaha cow calf operation di Kecamatan Imogiri adalah negatif sebesar - Rp 4.914.242,00 per ekor per ekor induk dan di Kecamatan Prambanan - Rp 1.662.224,00 per tahun per ekor induk. Sedangkan dalam bentuk return to labor and management adalah Rp 77.785,00 per tahun per ekor induk di Kecamatan Imogiri dan Rp 704.234,00 per tahun per ekor induk di Kecamatan Prambanan. Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan dapat disimpulkan pendapatan bernilai positif apabila tenaga kerja dan manajemen peternak tidak dimasukkan dalam komponen biaya.

The aim of this study was to understand the farm characteristic and to analyze the farm income of cow calf operation of Simpo cattle. The research was conducted in two subdistricts of Yogyakarta there are Imogiri and Prambanan, from April to June 2018. The data were collected by purposive sampling method with a total of 30 cows in each subdistrict. The data were collected using survey, based on direct interview using questionnaire and direct observation of cows. Descriptive statistical analysis method was used to identify the characteristics of cattle farmer, characteristic of cattle farming, and technical parameters. Farm income analysis was calculated by sum of total revenue and total cost. The result showed that the average values of service per conception, calf mortality, selling age and price of calves were 2.57, 17.13 months, 20%, 6.27, dan Rp 7.840.000,00 per head in Imogiri, respectively, and 2.4, 15.2, 26%, 6.32, and Rp 7.866.667,00 per head in Prambanan. Based on characteristics, the net farm income of the cow calf operation in Imogiri and Prambanan Subdistricts was found to - Rp 4.914.242,00 per head per year and -Rp 1.662.224,00 per head per year. In contrast, based on return to labour and management, the values were found to be positive. Farm income based on return to labor and management is Rp 77.785,00 per head per year in Imogiri and Rp 704.234,00 per head per year in Prambanan. Based on the results of calculation can be show that farm income be positive if return to labor and management of farmer is not included in the cost component.

Kata Kunci : cow calf operation, pendapatan, tenaga kerja dan manajemen peternak, Sapi Simpo