PENERAPAN GOOD AGRICULTURE PRACTICES (GAP) DAN KINERJA BUDIDAYA UDANG VANAME DI KECAMATAN GRABAG KABUPATEN PURWOREJO

ASYIFA ANANDYA, Dr. Jamhari, S.P., M.P ; Dr. Ir. Suhatmini Hardyastuti, S.U.

2018 | Tesis | Magister Manajemen Agribisnis

Kabupaten Purworejo merupakan salah satu sentra budidaya udang vaname di Indonesia. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Kecamatan Grabag Kabupaten Purworejo pada bulan Oktober sampai Desember 2017. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui sejauh mana penerapan Good Agriculture Practices (GAP), mengetahui pengaruh human capital terhadap penerapan GAP oleh petambak, dan mengetahui pengaruh penerapan GAP terhadap kinerja udang vaname, baik produktivitas maupun keuntungan. Jumlah responden dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 75 orang petambak yang diambil dengan purposive sampling. Penelitian ini menggunakan pengujian parameter proporsi, analisis regresi dengan model Two Stage Least Square dan Independent Sample t test. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa (1) penerapan GAP budidaya udang vaname di Kecamatan Grabag secara keseluruhan tergolong dalam kategori tinggi sebesar 80,2 persen dari ruang lingkup penerapan GAP, namun penerapan GAP bagian penggunaan bahan kimia, bahan biologi, dan obat ikan, penanganan hasil, pencatatan, dan pelatihan masih dalam tergolong sedang. (2) penerapan GAP dipengaruhi oleh pendidikan dan pengalaman petambak, sedangkan umur tidak berpengaruh terhadap penerapan GAP. (3) penerapan GAP budidaya udang vaname tidak mempengaruhi kinerja budidaya udang vaname, namun penerapan GAP tidak bertentangan dengan produktivitas. Petambak tetap dapat menerapkan GAP tanpa mengalami penurunan produktivitas.

Purworejo Regency is one of the centers of pacific white shrimp culture in Indonesia. This research was located in the sub district of Grabag, Purworejo regency on October 2017-December 2017. The aims of this research are to determine the extent to which GAP implemented by the farmers, the effect of human capital on the GAP implementation by the farmers and the effect of the GAP implementation on pacific white shrimp performances, both productivity and profit. The number of respondents in this research was 75 farmers which were chosen by purposive sampling. This research used proportional parameter test, regression analysis with Two Stage Least Square model and Independent Sample t Test. The results of this research showed that (1) the GAP implementation in the sub district of Grabag was about 80,2 percent and categorized as high category in whole indicators of the GAP implementation. Meanwhile, some indicators of the GAP implementation such as chemical, biological, and fish medicine application, post-harvest handling, recording, and training were still in moderate category. (2) The GAP implementation was influenced by the level of education and farmers� experiences, while there was no any effect influenced by the age on the GAP implementation. (3) The GAP implementation of pacific white shrimp culture did not affect the pacific white shrimp performances. However, the GAP implementation did not contradict the productivity. Farmers still can implement the GAP without decreasing their productivity.

Kata Kunci : GAP, Human Capital, Pacific White Shrimp, Productivity, Profit