PROSES PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT DALAM PENCEGAHAN KEMATIAN IBU DAN BAYI: STUDI KASUS PADA FORUM KESEHATAN IBU DAN ANAK (FKIA) DESA KALISALAK KECAMATAN KEBASEN KABUPATEN BANYUMAS

WARTONO, dr. Fatwa Sari Tetra Dewi, MPH., Ph.D.

2018 | Tesis | MAGISTER ILMU KESEHATAN MASYARAKAT

Latar Belakang: Kemenkes bekerja sama dengan USAID melakukan kegiatan pemberdayaan masyarakat dalam pencegahan kematian ibu dan bayi melalui Forum Kesehatan Ibu dan Anak (FKIA). Penelitian ini bertujuan mengeksplorasi pengalaman dalam proses pemberdayaan masyarakat oleh FKIA Desa Kalisalak Kecamatan Kebasen Kabupaten Banyumas. Metode: Penelitian kualitatif dengan rancangan studi kasus. Subjek penelitian dipilih menggunakan purposive sampling sebanyak 38 orang, pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui studi dokumen, wawancara mendalam, focus group discussion (FGD), dan observasi partisipan. Validitas/keabsahan data didapatkan dengan melakukan triangulasi data kualitatif, member checking dan peer debriefing. Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa proses pemberdayaan masyarakat yang dilakukan di Desa Kalisalak terdiri dari 3 tahap yaitu: advokasi stakeholder (pemerintah desa dan tokoh masyarakat); penguatan internal dan pendampingan kegiatan. Penelitian ini mengeksplorasi domain-domain pemberdayaan pada proses pemberdayaan di Kalisalak. Partisipasi khususnya terkait motivasi informan untuk berpartisipasi. Kemampuan penilaian masalah pada FKIA/MKIA. Kemampuan kepemimpinan ketua FKIA dari segi karakter, empati dan komitmen. Pengorganisasian berupa dukungan kebijakan dan pengelolaan kegiatan. Mobilisasi sumber daya meliputi mobilisasi dana, kendaraan, organisasi. Pengembangan jejaring baik internal maupun eksternal dan kemampuan berpikir kritis pada masyarakat, FKIA/MKIA maupun pemerintah desa. Kesimpulan: Proses pemberdayaan masyarakat dalam pencegahan kematian ibu dan bayi di Desa Kalisalak melalui 3 ahapan yaitu advokasi stakeolder, penguatan internal dan pendampingan kegiatan.

Background: Ministry of Health cooperates with USAID to carry out community empowerment activities in the prevention of maternal and infant death through the Maternal and Child Health Forum (FKIA). This study aims to explore the experience in the process of community empowerment by FKIA Kalisalak Village Kebasen Sub-district Banyumas District. Method: Qualitative research with case study design. Research subjects were chosen using purposive sampling of 38 people, data collection was done through document study, in-depth interview, focus group discussion (FGD), and participant observation. Validity / validity of data obtained by doing triangulation of qualitative data, member checking and peer debriefing. Results: The results showed that the community empowerment process conducted in Kalisalak Village consists of 3 stages: stakeholder advocacy (village government and community leaders); internal strengthening and advisory activities. This study explores the domains of empowerment in the empowerment process in Kalisalak. Participation is particularly related to informants' motivation to participate. Problem assessment ability in FKIA / MKIA. Leadership capability FKIA chairman in terms of character, empathy and commitment. Organizing in the form of policy support and management of activities. Resource mobilization includes mobilizing funds, vehicles, organizations. Development of internal and external network and critical thinking ability to the community, FKIA / MKIA and village government. Conclusion: The process of community empowerment in prevention of maternal and infant mortality in Kalisalak Village through three stages: stakeholder advocacy, internal strengthening and assistance activities.

Kata Kunci : proses pemberdayaan, partisipasi, pengorganisasian, kepemimpinan, mobilisasi sumber daya, jejaring, berpikir kritis, penilaian masalah, empowerment process, participation, organizing, leadership, resource mobilization, networking, critical thinking, probl