Pengaruh Jarak Tanam dan Level Pupuk terhadap Kandungan Nutrien dan Kecernaan In Vitro Tanaman Sorghum bicolor L. Varietas Super 2 pada Ratun Ketiga

CITRA INDRIASTUTI, Dr. Ir. Bambang Suhartanto, DEA ; Ir. Nafiatul Umami, S.Pt., M.P., Ph.D., IPM.

2018 | Skripsi | S1 ILMU DAN INDUSTRI PETERNAKAN

Sorgum merupakan tanaman pakan yang potensial dikembangkan di Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh jarak tanam dan level pupuk majemuk NPK (16-16-16) terhadap kandungan nutrien dan nilai kecernaan in vitro tanaman sorgum varietas Super 2 ratun ketiga. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan split blok dengan 2 faktor dan perbedaan antar rata-rata diuji dengan Duncans Multiple Range Test (DMRT). Faktor utama yaitu jarak tanam yang terdiri dari J1 (90cm x 20cm), J2 (75cm x 25cm) dan J3 (60cm x 30cm). Faktor kedua yaitu level pupuk majemuk NPK (16-16-16) yang terdiri dari P1 (0 kg/ha), P2 (100 kg/ha), dan P3 (200 kg/ha). Masing-masing perlakuan dilakukan 3 ulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kandungan nutrien serta kecernaan in vitro bahan kering dan organik tidak dipengaruhi oleh jarak tanam. Kandungan protein kasar (PK), lemak kasar (LK), total digestible nutrients (TDN), kecernaan bahan kering (KcBK), dan kecernaan bahan organik (KcBO) dipengaruhi oleh pemberian pupuk majemuk NPK (16-16-16) (P<0,05), sedangkan kandungan bahan kering (BK), kandungan bahan organik (BO), serat kasar (SK), dan bahan ekstrak tanpa nitrogen (BETN) tidak berbeda nyata. Kandungan PK tertinggi pada perlakuan P3 (6,19%). Kandungan LK tertinggi pada perlakuan P3 (2,85%). Kandungan TDN tertinggi pada perlakuan P3 (56,07%). Hasil estimasi KcBK tertinggi pada perlakuan P3 yaitu 69,21%, sedangkan KcBO tertinggi pada perlakuan P2 dan P3 yaitu 68,89% dan 68,93%. Penggunaan jarak tanam 90cm x 20cm dan 75cm x 25 cm masing-masing dengan level pupuk majemuk NPK (16-16-16) 200 kg/ha menghasilkan nilai TDN tertinggi yaitu 57,53% dan 56,57%. Disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan pupuk majemuk NPK (16-16-16) sampai 200 kg/ha mampu meningkatkan kandungan PK, LK, TDN, serta nilai KcBK, dan KcBO.

Sorghum is a potential feed crop to be developed in Indonesia. The study was conducted to evaluate the effects of plant spacing and NPK (16-16-16) compound fertilizer application to the nutrient contents and in vitro digestibility of Sorghum bicolor L var. Super 2 on the third ratoon. This study was designed using split block model design and continued with Duncans Multiple Range Test (DMRT). The main factor was plant spacing consisted of 3 level : J1 (90 x 20 cm), J2 (75 x 25 cm), and J3 (60 x 30 cm). The secondary factor was NPK (16-16-16) compound fertilizer that consisted of 3 level : P1 (0 kg/ha), P2 (100 kg/ha), and P3 (200 kg/ha). Each treatment was performed with 3 replications. The result showed that nutrient contents, dry and organic matter in vitro digestibility were not significantly influenced by plant spacings. The result also indicated that crude protein (CP), extract ether (EE), total digestible nutrients (TDN), dry matter in vitro digestibility (DMIVD), and organic matter in vitro digestibility (OMIVD) were significantly influenced by application of NPK (16-16-16) compound fertilizer (P<0.05), however the dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), crude fiber (CF), and nitrogen free extract (NFE) were not significantly influenced. The highest content of CP was on P3 (6.19%). The highest content of EE was on P3 (2.85%). The highest content of TDN was on P3 (56.07%). The higest DMIVD was at P3 (69.21%) and the highest OMIVD was at P2 (68.89%) and P3 (68.93%). Plant spacing at 90cm x 20cm and 75cm x 25 cm with 200 kg/ha of compound fertilizer NPK (16-16-16) had highest total digestible nutrients (TDN) content (57.53% and 56.57%). The conclusion of the study was the application of NPK (16-16-16) compound fertilizer up to 200 kg/ha level can increase the content of CP, EE, TDN, DMIVD, and OMIVD.

Kata Kunci : Sorgum, Jarak tanam, Level pupuk majemuk, Kandungan nutrien, Kecernaan in vitro ; Sorghum bicolor, Plant spacings, Level of compound fertilizer, Nutrient contents, In vitro digestibility