Hubungan Ekspresi Emosi Orang Tua Dengan Kekambuhan Pasien Skizofrenia Di RSJ Grhasia Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta

NUNU NURKHOLIS MAJID, Dr. dr. Carla R. Marchira, Sp.KJ(K); dr. Mutrarsi SKF., DTM&H., Sp.KJ; Dr. Dra. Sumarni, M.Si., Psi

2018 | Tesis-Spesialis | ILMU KEDOKTERAN JIWA

Latar belakang Skizofrenia merupakan gangguan kronis progresif yang mengenai 2,7 per mil penduduk Yogyakarta. Skizofrenia menimbulkan berbagai akibat baik bagi keluarga, mau pun bagi pasien. Skizofrenia sering mengalami kekambuhan. Banyak faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap kekambuhan pasien skizofrenia, salah satunya adalah ekspresi emosi caregiver. Mayoritas caregiver pasien skizofrenia adalah keluarga, dan sebagian besar adalah orang tua. Tujuan Untuk mengetahui hubungan antara ekspresi emosi orang tua dengan kekambuhan pasien skizofrenia di RSJ Grhasia DIY Metode Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian analitik observasional (non eksperimental) dengan rancangan cross-sectional. Subjek penelitian ini adalah kedua orang tua kandung pasien skizofrenia di bagian rawat jalan psikiatri RSJ Grhasia DIY. Ekspresi emosi dinilai dengan menggunakan instrumen Family Questionnaire (FQ). Kekambuhan dinilai berdasarkan perawatan di rumah sakit dalam 1 tahun terakhir. Tingkat kemaknaan uji statistik ditetapkan p<0,05. Hasil Jumlah responden adalah 36 orang tua. Hubungan criticism, emotional overinvolvement, dan ekspresi emosi total bapak dengan kekambuhan adalah berturut-turut Z = -0,357, p = 0,721; Z = -0,651; Z = -0,073, p = 0,942. Hubungan criticism, emotional overinvolvement, dan ekspresi emosi total ibu dengan kekambuhan adalah berturut-turut Z = -1,886, p = 0,059; Z = -2,027, p = 0,043; Z = -2,326, p = 0,020. Kesimpulan Terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara EOI dan ekspresi emosi total ibu dengan kekambuhan pasien skizofrenia.

Background Schizophrenia is a chronic progressive disorder that affects 2.7 per mile of the population of Yogyakarta. Schizophrenia causes a burden for both the family and the patient. Schizophrenia often relapse. Many factors that affect the relapsed of patients with schizophrenia, one of which is caregiver expressed emotions. The majority of caregiver schizophrenic patients are family, and most are parents. Objective To know the relationship between the parents expressed emotion with the relapse of patient with schizophrenia in Grhasia Mental Hospital Special Region of Yogyakarta. Methods This was an observational (non experimental) analytic study with cross-sectional design. The subjects of this study were the biological parents of patients with schizophrenia in psychiatric outpatient of Grhasia Mental Hospital Special Region of Yogyakarta. Expressed emotion was assessed using the Family Questionnaire (FQ). Relapse were assessed based on hospital care within the past year. The significance level of statistical test was set p <0,05. Results The subject was 36 parents. The relationship between father criticism, emotional overinvolvement, and total expressed emotion were Z = -0,357, p = 0,721; Z = -0,651; Z = -0,073, p = 0,942 respectively. The relationship between mother criticism, emotional overinvolvement, and total expressed emotion were Z = -1,886, p = 0,059; Z = -2,027, p = 0,043; Z = -2,326, p = 0,020 respectively. Conclusion There was a significant association between mother EOI and total emotional expression with relapse of patients with schizophrenia.

Kata Kunci : orang tua, ekspresi emosi, kekambuhan, skizofrenia, family questionnaire