PENGEMBANGAN INSTRUMEN KEPEKAAN BUDAYA DALAM KEPERAWATAN MATERNITAS (MATERNITY NURSING CULTURAL SENSITIVITY SCALE)

AGUSTINA S, Widyawati, S.Kp., M.Kes., Ph.D.; Sri Warsini, S.Kep., Ns., M.Kes. PhD.

2018 | Tesis | MAGISTER KEPERAWATAN

Latar Belakang: Kesehatan seseorang erat dengan tradisi yang ada dalam budaya mereka. Dalam menjalankan tugasnya, perawat wajib memiliki kemampuan perawatan peka budaya agar dapat mengembangkan strategi perawatan budaya yang terbaik. Belum ada instrumen pengukuran kepekaan budaya dalam perawatan maternitas di Indonesia. Tujuan Penelitian: untuk mengembangkan instrumen Maternity Nursing Cultural Sensitivity Scale (MCSS) yang mengukur kepekaan budaya perawat dalam keperawatan maternitas dan mengetahui validitas muka, isi dan konstruk serta reliabilitas internal instrumen. Metode : Penelitian ini merupakan pengembangan instrumen dengan rancangan cross sectional. Penelitian terdiri dari 2 tahap yaitu instrument development dan psychometric testing. Pada instrument development dilakukan sintesis instrumen dan review pakar oleh 4 orang ahli yang dianalisa menggunakan CVI, serta uji validitas muka pada 5 perawat maternitas di RSUD Sleman dan RSUD Kota Yogyakarta. Sementara pada psychometric testing dilakukan uji validitas konstruk dan reliabilitas internal pada 139 orang perawat maternitas di RSUP Dr Sardjito, RSUD Kota Yogyakarta, RSUD Panembahan Senopati Bantul, RSUD Wonosari Gunungkidul dan magister keperawatan Universitas Gadjah Mada. Uji validitas konstrak menggunakan Pearsons product moment dan uji reliabilitas menggunakan internal consistency (Cronbachs alpha). Hasil: Pada instrument development setelah dilakukan sintesis instrumen, review pakar dan uji coba, dihasilkan 59 item pernyataan MCSS versi 2 dengan nilai CVI 0,99. Kemudian dilakukan psychometric testing yang menghasilkan 56 item valid pada pengujian validitas konstruk antar item dengan komponen. Sementara 49 item pernyataan valid pada pengujian validitas konstruk dengan total item correlation dengan r hitung antara 0.257 hingga 0.675. Nilai koefisien +- Cronbach 0,937. Kesimpulan: instrumen Maternity Nursing Cultural Sensitivity Scale (MCSS) teruji valid dan reliabel untuk mengukur kepekaan budaya dalam keperawatan maternitas di Indonesia.

Background: A persons health is closely related to the traditions in their culture. In carrying out their duties, nurses are required to have culturally sensitive care abilities in order to develop the best cultural care strategies. There is no instrument for measuring cultural sensitivity in maternity care in Indonesia. Objectives: To develop an instrument of Maternity Nursing Cultural Sensitivity Scale (MCSS) that measures nurses cultural sensitivity in maternity nursing and the instrument were valid and relable through face validity, content validity, construct validity and internal reliability. Method: This research was an instrument development with cross sectional design. The study consisted of two stages; instrument development and psychometric testing. The phase in instrument development was synthesized instrument and review by 4 experts analyzed using CVI, also face validity test on 5 maternity nurses at Sleman Hospital and Yogyakarta Hospital. While on psychometric testing conducted construct validity and internal reliability tests on 139 maternity nurses at Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta Hospital, Panembahan Senopati Bantul Hospital, Wonosari Gunungkidul Hospital and master nursing at Gadjah Mada University. Test the validity of the construct using Pearsons product moment and reliability testing using internal consistency (Cronbachs alpha). Result: In instrument development after instrument synthesis, expert review and trial, 59 items of MCSS version 2 were produced with CVI value of 0,99. Then psychometric testing was carried out which resulted in 56 valid items in testing construct validity between items with components. While 49 valid items in testing construct validity with total item correlation (r count between 0.257 to 0.675). The value of the Cronbach +- coefficient is 0.937. Conclusion: Maternity Nursing Cultural Sensitivity Scale (MCSS) instrument is valid and reliable to measure cultural sensitivity in maternity nursing in Indonesia.

Kata Kunci : kepekaan budaya; keperawatan maternitas; instrumen, cultural sensitivity; maternity nursing; instrument