EVALUASI PERANAN TENAGA KEFARMASIAN DALAM PELAYANAN DAN PENGELOLAAN OBAT, BMHP, DAN ALKES PROGRAM PONED DI PUSKESMAS KOTA SEMARANG

EVA RACHMAWATI, Dr. Satibi, M.Si., Apt;Prof. Dr. Achmad Fudholi, DEA., Apt

2018 | Tesis | MAGISTER ILMU FARMASI

Standar pelayanan kefarmasian yang digunakan di Puskesmas yaitu Permenkes Nomor 74 Tahun 2016. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pelayanan dan pengelolaan obat, Bahan Medis Habis Pakai (BMHP), dan alkes Pelayanan Obstetri Neonatus Emergensi Dasar (PONED) di Puskesmas Kota Semarang, mengetahui perbedaan peran tenaga kefarmasian, mengidentifikasi faktor pendukung dan penghambat serta merumuskan solusi mengatasi permasalahan tenaga kefarmasian dalam pelayanan dan pengelolaan obat, BMHP, dan alkes PONED. Penelitian deskriptif analitis dilakukan di enam Puskesmas PONED Kota Semarang. Dilakukan dengan cara observasi langsung tenaga kefarmasian, telaah dokumen LPLPO, focus group discussion, dan wawancara mendalam. Selanjutnya dilakukan identifikasi faktor pendukung, penghambat dan perumusan solusi menggunakan Basic Priority Rating Scale. Hasil penelitian: kesesuaian obat dan alkes PONED sudah sesuai standar, tetapi tingkat kesesuaian BMHP PONED belum sesuai standard. Tingkat ketersediaan, tingkat kecukupan, persentase nilai kadaluarsa, persentase rata-rata waktu kekosongan obat dan BMHP PONED belum memenuhi standar. Terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan peran tenaga kefarmasian dalam pelayanan farmasi klinis dan evaluasai mutu pelayanan kefarmasian di Puskesmas PONED Kota Semarang. Tidak terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan peran tenaga kefarmasian dalam pengelolaan obat, BMHP dan alkes program PONED, tetapi dilihat dari indikator pengelolaan obat, BMHP, dan alkes PONED terdapat perbedaan peran tenaga kefarmasian. Dukungan Kepala Puskesmas dan koordinasi yang baik merupakan faktor pendukung. Faktor penghambatnya yaitu apoteker belum tersedia di semua Puskesmas PONED, kekosongan/kekurangan obat dan BMHP serta kurangnya pelatihan untuk tenaga farmasi. Solusi dengan penambahan apoteker, pembinaan, monitoring dan evaluasi pelayanan farmasi klinis, sistem perencanaan dan pengadaan, meminta buffer stock ke Dinkes Provinsi Jawa Tengah untuk obat dan BMHP PONED yang kurang/kosong, pembelian di Apotik untuk jumlah kecil. Secara umum pelayanan dan pengelolaan obat, BMHP, alkes PONED di puskesmas PONED Kota Semarang belum sesuai standar yang ditetapkan.

The standard of pharmaceutical care used in health facilities is based on Permenkes Number 74 Year 2016. This study aims to find out the service and management of drugs, disposible medical supply and medical equipment for emergency obstetric neonatal service in primary health facilities in Semarang city, to know the difference of the roles between pharmaceutical personnel, to identify the supporting and obstacles factors and to create solutions to solve the problems of energy pharmacy in drug services and management, disposable medical supply and medical equipment. Analytical descriptive research was conducted at six PONED CHC. Conducted by direct observation of pharmaceutical personnel, review of LPLPO documents, focus group discussions, and in-depth interviews. Further identification of supporting factors, inhibitors and solution formulation using Basic Priority Rating Scale. The results of the study were: the compatibility of medicines and medical equipment PONED was in accordance with the standard, but the level of conformity disposable medical supply PONED not according to standard. Level of availability, level of adequacy, percentage of expiration value, average percentage of drug vacancy time and disposable medical supply PONED not meet the standard. There was a significant difference in the role of pharmacy personnel in clinical pharmacy services and evaluation of the quality of pharmaceutical care in PONED CHC in Semarang. There was no significant difference in the role of pharmacy personnel on drug management, disposable medical supply and CED program in Puskesmas Kota Semarang (Semarang City Community Health Center), but seen from drug management indicator, disposable medical supply and medical equipment are different role of pharmacy personnel. Support of Head of Puskesmas and good coordination were supporting factors. The obstacle faced are the inavailability of pharmacists at some PONED CHC, vacancy / inadequacy of drugs and disposable medical supply and lack of training for pharmacy personnel. Solutions are: pharmacist additions, coaching and training, monitoring and evaluation of clinical pharmacy services, planning and procurement systems, requested buffer stock to Central Java Provincial Health Office for less and / or empty medicines and disposable medical supply, purchase in pharmacies for small quantities. In general, drug services and management, disposable medical supply and medical equipment for emergency obstetric neonatal service in primary care of Semarang city were not fulfil the standard set.

Kata Kunci : Puskesmas PONED, tenaga kefarmasian, pelayanan, pengelolaan obat, BMHP, alkes