ANALISIS KEBUTUHAN AIR TANAMAN DURIAN (DURIO ZIBETHINUS MURR.) DI KEBUN BUAH NAWUNGAN DESA SELOPAMIORO, KECAMATAN IMOGIRI, KABUPATEN BANTUL.

KHAIRUL FAKHRI, Dr. Murtiningrum, STP., M.Eng.

2018 | Skripsi | S1 TEKNIK PERTANIAN

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menyusun neraca air, menghitung kebutuhan air tanaman, dan menentukan koefisien tanaman (Kc) tanaman durian. Penelitian ini berlokasi di kebun durian Nawungan, Desa Selopamioro, Kecamatan Imogiri. Bahan penelitian meliputi deskripsi kebun buah dan monografi desa, peta Rupa Bumi Indonesia skala 1:25.000 dan data iklim aktual. Pengambilan data iklim, curah hujan, kadar lengas, dan surface runoff menggunakan metode purposive sampling. Evapotranspirasi acuan (ET0) dihitung dengan analisis Penman-Monteith. Analisis neraca air untuk menentukan kebutuhan air tanaman aktual (ETa) dan menentukan nilai koefisien tanaman (Kc). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kebun buah Nawungan tergolong tipe iklim D (hujan sedang) menurut klasifikasi iklim Schmidt-Ferguson dengan data hujan aktual. Nilai curah hujan dan irigasi selama 2 bulan pengamatan sebesar 116,65 mm, dan nilai surface runoff sebesar 0,058 mm. Dari pengamatan iklim, tanah dan air yang dilakukan selama dua bulan diperoleh kebutuhan tanaman aktual (ETa) sebesar 3,31 mm/hari. Nilai Kc Prediksi diperoleh dari hubungan linier antara ET0 dan ETa Prediksi sebesar 0,6094.

This research was conducted to develop water balance, calculate the water requirement of plants, and determine the coefficient of trees (Kc) of durian plants. This research was located in Durian Nawungan orchard, Selopamioro Village, Imogiri Sub-district. The research materials included descriptions of fruit orchards and village monographs, 1: 25.000 Indonesian Earth map and actual climate data. Climate data collection, rainfall, moisture content, and surface runoff using purposive sampling method. Evapotranspiration reference (ET0) was calculated by Penman-Monteith analysis. Water balance analysis was used to determine actual crop water requirement (ETa) and determine the value of crop coefficient (Kc). The results showed that Nawungan orchard belonged to climate type D (moderate rain) according to Schmidt-Ferguson climatic classification with actual rainfall data. Total rainfall and irrigation was 116,65 mm for 2 months observation, surface runoff and crop water requirement were 0,058 mm/day and 3.31 mm/day. From the observation of climate, soil and water conducted for two months obtained actual crop water requirement (ETa) of 3,31 mm / day. Value of Kc Prediction was obtained from the linear relationship between ET0 and ETa Prediction of 0,6094.

Kata Kunci : Kata kunci : kebutuhan air tanaman, neraca air, evapotranpirasi acuan, koefisien tanaman.