EFEK POLARITAS ADITIF PELARUT TERHADAP KESTABILAN FILM TIPIS PEROVSKIT METIL AMMONIUM TIMBAL(II) IODIDA

FIRMANSYAH, Dr. Indriana Kartini, M.Si; Dr. Sutarno, M.Si

2018 | Tesis | MAGISTER KIMIA

Efek polaritas alkohol (2-propanol, 1-butanol, dan 1-propanol) sebagai aditif pelarut pada hasil sintesis dan stabilitas film perovskit metil ammonium timbal(II) iodida (CH3NH3PbI3) telah dipelajari. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui peranan efek polaritas aditif pelarut terhadap kristalinitas film Pb(NO3)2 sebagai film prekursor, ukuran grain film perovskit, dan stabilitas film perovskit CH3NH3PbI3 terhadap paparan kelembapan udara. Preparasi film tipis perovskit dilakukan melalui pembentukan film prekursor Pb(NO3)2 menggunakan metode spin coating dengan kecepatan 2500 rpm selama 30 detik dengan bantuan 2-propanol, 1-butanol, atau 1- propanol sebagai aditif pelarut di samping DMSO sebagai pelarut. Film Pb(NO3)2 direndam di dalam larutan CH3NH3I selama 30 menit menghasilkan film perovskit CH3NH3PbI3. Pengaruh polaritas aditif pelarut terhadap kristalinitas film Pb(NO3)2 dan film perovskit dipelajari menggunakan metode difraksi sinar-X. Pengaruh polaritas aditif pelarut terhadap ukuran grain perovskit CH3NH3PbI3 dipelajari menggunakan metode mikroskop elektron. Kestabilan film perovskit CH3NH3PbI3 terhadap paparan kelembapan udara relatif 75% dan 33% selama 24 jam dikaji menggunakan metode difraksi sinar-X dan analisis SEM. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan penurunan kristalinitas film Pb(NO3)2 sejalan dengan meningkatnya polaritas aditif pelarut. Film Pb(NO3)2 dengan kristalinitas rendah menghasilkan film perovskit CH3NH3PbI3 dengan kemurnian tinggi yang ditandai dengan tidak ditemukannya residu (CH3NH3)4PbI6.2H2O serta peningkatan ukuran grain hingga mencapai 2453 nm. Perovskit CH3NH3PbI3 dengan ukuran grain 2453 nm memiliki kestabilan paling baik dengan nilai persentase degradasi sebesar 43,09% pada kelembapan udara relatif 33%. Pada kelembapan udara relatif 75%, ukuran grain perovskit CH3NH3PbI3 tidak memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap kestabilan perovskit CH3NH3PbI3.

Effect of alcohols (2-propanol, 1-butanol and 1-propanol) polarity as a solvent additive in the synthesis product and stability of methyl ammonium lead(II) iodide (CH3NH3PbI3) perovskite film has been studied. The aim of this research is to examine the effect of solvent additive polarity on the crystallinity of Pb(NO3)2 as the film's precursor and grain size of the resulted CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite film, as well as the stability of the resulted film on humidity exposure. Preparation of perovskite thin film was conducted by formation of Pb(NO3)2 as the film's precursor film by spin coating method at 2500 rpm for 30 seconds with addition of 2-propanol, 1-butanol or 1-propanol as solvent additives in addition of DMSO as the main solvent. Pb(NO3)2 film was immersed in CH3NH3I solution for 30 minutes to produce CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite film. The effect of solvent additive polarity on the grain size of perovskite film was studied using electron microscope method. Stability of CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite film at 75 and 33% relative humidity was studied by using X-ray diffraction and SEM analysis. The results showed that increasing polarity of the solvent additives resulted in decreasing on the crystallinity of Pb(NO3)2 film. Pb(NO3)2 film with low crystallinity yielded high purity of CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite film with no (CH3NH3)4PbI6.2H2O residue and grain size up to 2453 nm. CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite film with grain size of 2453 nm has good stability at 33% realtive humidity with 43.09% degradation percentage. At 75% relative humidity, the grain size of CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite film did not have significant effect on the CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite film stability.

Kata Kunci : perovskit CH3NH3PbI3, aditif pelarut, polaritas, ukuran grain, degradasi