ANALISIS INSTITUSIONALISME KEBIJAKAN UNI EROPA DALAM KRISIS MIGRAN 2015

NABIILA NURFITRI, Prof. Dr. Mohtar Mas'oed

2018 | Skripsi | S1 ILMU HUBUNGAN INTERNASIONAL

Krisis migran di Uni Eropa pada tahun 2015 lalu menuai berbagai reaksi dari negara anggota. Banyak yang mengatakan Uni Eropa yang memang sudah rentan akibat Krisis Yunani sekarang ini terpecah belah akibat keputusan Dewan Uni Eropa meloloskan skema wajib relokasi dan kuota migran. Negara-negara Central Eastern Countries (CEE) menunjukan perlawanan sengit hingga membawa kasus ke Pengadilan Uni Eropa. Pemerintah negara-negara eks komunis ini merasa kedaulatannya sedang dilukai oleh rezim kawasan. Uni Eropa yang bangga akan integrasi politiknya nyatanya belum selesai dengan isu nasionalisme. Tulisan ini akan bercerita faktor-faktor penyebab penyimpangan negara-negara CEE dari keputusan Uni Eropa yang telah disepakati bersama. Pendekatan institusionalisme pilihan rasional akan digunakan untuk menelaah bagaimana proses pembuatan kebijakan di Uni Eropa menghalangi negara-negara kecil mencapai kepentingannya di kawasan.

European migrant crisis in 2015 has divided European Union in ways which has never been anticipated before. The already weakened Europe stressed by previous Greece crisis is now overwhelmed by Council's decision to pass relocation and quota schemes. Central Eastern European Countries (CEECs) by far have shown tremendous fight, willing to challenge the court rules. The four of CEE countries took the decision to Court of Justice but denied. These countries believe their sovereignity is violated by their own supranational regime. The politically integrated Europe unfortunatelly has not fully overcome nationalism issues. This writing will discuss reasons which have caused CEE countries case of non-compliance shown to agreed decision by the regime. Rational choice institutionalism approach will be used to investigate how decision-making process in the EU has diminished small countries chance to exert their powers in the region.

Kata Kunci : Uni Eropa, krisis migran, European Agenda on Migration, qualified majority voting, Central Eastern European Countries