DAMPAK KEGIATAN PENAMBANGAN MINYAK TRADISIONAL OLEH MASYARAKAT DESA WONOCOLO DI KAWASAN HUTAN RPH KEDEWAN, KPH CEPU

PINDY SUKMA PERTIWI, Bowo Dwi Siswoko

2018 | Tugas Akhir | D3 PENGELOLAAN HUTAN

Penambangan minyak bumi secara tradisional merupakan suatu proses pengambilan minyak yang dilakukan oleh masyarakat dengan menggunakan alat sederhana dan hasilnya untuk memenuhi kebutuhan sehari-hari. Penambangan minyak tradisional dilakukan oleh masyarakat Desa Wonocolo di lahan Perhutani yang memberikan dampak fisik, sosial dan ekonomi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dampak fisik, sosial dan ekonomi dari kegiatan penambangan minyak tradisional di kawasan hutan RPH Kedewan, KPH Cepu. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode survei. Teknik pengambilan data dilakukan dengan wawancara dan kuisioner. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Desa Wonocolo, Kecamatan Kedewan, Kabupaten Bojonegoro. Pengolahan data dilakukan dengan menginput karakteristik penambang, mencari informasi di pihak Perhutani, masyarakat desa dan pihak Pertamina. Selain itu menginput rata-rata pendapatan dari penambang dan non penambang. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa dari kegiatan penambangan minyak tradisional yang dilakukan oleh masyarakat Desa Wonocolo, berdampak negatif terhadap kawasan hutan Perhutani dibuktikan dengan kerusakan kawasan hutan berupa perubahan struktur tanah, pencemaran lingkungan dan penurunan potensi tegakan. Dampak sosial yang ditimbulkan yaitu adanya gejolak konflik sosial antara masyarakat penambang, Perhutani, dan Pertamina. Serta perubahan pemenuhan kebutuhan dan perubahan tingkat pendidikan. Dampak ekonomi dari kegiatan penambangan yaitu kegiatan penambangan memberikan kontribusi sebesar 69,05% terhadap total pendapatan atau sebesar Rp. 1.728.900.000,00/tahun. Sedangkan non penambangan memberikan kontribusi sebesar 30,95% atau sekitar Rp. 775.104.000,00/tahun terhadap total pendapatan masyarakat.

Traditional Oil Mining is a process of obtaining oil done by the community using simple tools for the purpose of fulfilling their own daily needs. This kind of traditional oil mining has been being done by the Wonocolo Village community at Perhutani Land resulting on physical, social, and economic impact. This study aims to determine the physical, social, and economic impact from the traditional oil mining activities at RPH Kedewan, KPH Cepu. This research was conducted by using survey method. In addition, the data was collected through interviews and questionnaires. This research was taken place at Wonocolo Village, Kedewan District, Bojonegoro Regency. The data was processed by inputting the miners characteristics, seeking information from Perhutani, village community, and Pertamina. Besides, the researcher also did the input of average income from miner and non-miners. Based on the research results, it is understood that the traditional oil mining activities done by the Wonocolo Village community gave negative impact to Perhutani proven by the damage of the forest such as changes in soil structure, environmental pollution and the decrease of stand potential. The social impact caused is social conflict between mining communities, Perhutani, and Pertamina. In addition, changes in the fulfillment of needs and education level are also being the social impact of this mining activities. The economic impact from this mining activities is that this activity give 69.05% contribution from the total income or IDR1.728.900.000,00/year. On the other side, non-mining activities contributed 30.95% or IDR775.104.000,00/year from the community total income.

Kata Kunci : dampak, penambangan, kawasan hutan, masyarakat