KESENJANGAN PENDAPATAN USAHATANI BAWANG MERAH DAN PADI DI KAWASAN PESISIR KABUPATEN BANTUL

IHDA MARWA FATHIA, Sugiyarto, S.P, M.Sc.;Dr. Jamhari, S.P., M.P.

2018 | Skripsi | S1 EKONOMI PERTANIAN DAN AGRIBISNIS

Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu (1) mengetahui pendapatan usahatani bawang merah dan padi, (2) besar kontribusi usahatani bawang merah dan usahatani terhadap pendapatan rumah tangga tani, (3) pola struktur pendapatan rumah tangga tani, dan (4) kesenjangan pendapatan rumah tangga tani di kawasan pesisir Kabupaten Bantul. Metode dasar yang digunakan adalah metode analisis deskriptif. Pengambilan sampel dengan cara purposive sampling. Lokasi penelitian pada Kawasan Pesisir Kabupaten Bantul, Kecamatan Sanden dan Kretek. Jumlah sampel yang digunakan sebanyak 45 rumah tangga tani yang melakukan usahatani bawang merah dan padi. Kontribusi pendapatan usahatani dihitung dengan mencari persentase kontribusinya terhadap pendapatan rumah tangga tani yang kemudian dilakukan analisis dengan one sample t-test. Pola kontribusi diketahui dengan analisis deskriptif. Kesenjangan pendapatan diketahui dengan analisis indeks Gini, dekomposisi indeks Gini, kriteria Bank Dunia, dan kurva Lorenz. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan (1) rerata pendapatan usahatani bawang merah lebih besar dibandingkan rerata pendapatan usahatani padi, (2) kontribusi pendapatan usahatani bawang merah yang lebih besar dibandingkan kontribusi pendapatan usahatani padi terhadap rumah tangga tani (3) pola struktur pendapatan rumah tangga tani memiliki pola yang berbeda-beda, rumah tangga dengan pendapatan diatas rata-rata memiliki pola struktur yang didominasi oleh usahatani non-bawang merah dan padi. (4) Perhitungan dekomposisi menunjukkan usahatani bawang merah menyebabkan peningkatan kesenjangan pendapatan. Kesenjangan pendapatan usahatani bawang merah dan padi berdasarkan indeks Gini dan kriteria Bank Dunia berada pada kategori tinggi, sedangkan kesenjangan pendapatan rumah tangga tani berada pada kategori sedang.

The aims of this research are (1) to calculate income of shallot and paddy farming income, (2) to figure out contribution of shallot and paddy farm's income to the total income of farm's household (3) to describe the income contribution's pattern of farm households, and (4) to analyse the income inequality of farm households in coastal area of Bantul Regency. Basic method is descriptive analytical method. Purposive sampling method is applied to determine the research's samples and location. This research is located in Kretek and Sanden sub district of Bantul Regency. The samples are 45 samples of shallot and paddy farm's households. Farming income contribution is obtained by calculates percentage of contribution to the total household income and further analysed by using one sample t-test. The income contribution's pattern of farm household is analysed by descriptive analysis. Gini index, decomposition of Gini index, World Bank criteria, and Lorenz curve are applied to analyse the farm household's income inequality. (1) The results show that income of shallot's farming is higher than income of paddy's farming, (2) the income contribution of shallot's farming is larger than income contribution of paddy's farming. (3) There are different pattern of farm's household income structure, the above average farm's household income is dominated by non-shallot and paddy farm's income. (4) Decomposition of Gini index show that income of shallot farming causes an increase in income inequality of farm households. The Gini index and World Bank category shows that income inequality of shallot and paddy farming are considered in the high category, while the farm household's income inequality is in the medium category.

Kata Kunci : Inequality, Contribution, Income Structure Patterns, Coastal Area