Hubungan antara Karakteristik Responden dan Dukungan Sosial dengan Resilience pada Remaja Pasca 7 Tahun Erupsi Gunung Merapi

FEBI NUR HARDIYANTI, Dr. Fitri Haryanti, S.Kp., M.Kes.; Sri Hartini, S.Kep., Ns., M.Kes., Ph.D.; Lely Lusmilasari, S.Kp., M.Kes., Ph.D.

2018 | Skripsi | S1 ILMU KEPERAWATAN

Latar Belakang: Bencana alam seperti erupsi Gunung Merapi tahun 2010 dapat menyebabkan gangguan psikologis. Remaja merupakan populasi yang rentan secara psikologis pasca bencana. Maka dari itu, remaja memerlukan resilience agar mampu pulih kembali dan menjalani kehidupannya secara normal pasca bencana. Karakteristik responden seperti jenis kelamin dan kehilangan orang yang dicintai serta dukungan sosial diketahui memiliki hubungan dengan resilience pada remaja pasca bencana. Penelitian terkait resilience remaja pasca bencana masih jarang dilakukan. Tujuan Penelitian: Untuk mengetahui hubungan antara karakteristik responden dan dukungan sosial dengan resilience serta gambaran resilience pada remaja pasca 7 tahun erupsi Gunung Merapi di hunian tetap Desa Wukirsari Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif dengan rancangan penelitian cross sectional. Sampel yang digunakan yaitu 50 remaja di hunian tetap Desa Wukirsari. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada Januari 2018. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan kuesioner The Child and Youth Resilience Measure 12 untuk resilience, kuesioner karakteristik responden, The Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support untuk dukungan sosial, dan Instrumen Penilaian Stressor Psikososial untuk stressor psikososial. Analisis data pada penelitian ini menggunakan uji independent sample T-Test dan Spearman Rank. Hasil: Hubungan antara karakteristik responden (jenis kelamin dan kehilangan orang yang dicintai) dengan resilience memiliki nilai signifikansi p berturut-turut yaitu p=0,234 dan p=0,305. Hubungan antara dukungan sosial dan stressor psikososial dengan resilience memiliki nilai signifikansi p berturut-turut yaitu p=0,001 dan p=0,531. Persentase remaja dengan resilience tinggi sebesar 56% dan resilience rendah sebesar 44%. Kesimpulan: Tidak terdapat hubungan antara karakteristik responden dan stressor psikososial dengan resilience remaja. Terdapat hubungan positif antara dukungan sosial dengan resilience remaja. Kata kunci: Resilience, remaja, karakteristik responden, dukungan sosial

Background: Natural disaster, for instance eruption of Merapi in 2010, may cause psychological disorders. Adolescents are psychologically vulnerable to natural disaster. Therefore, adolescents need resilience in order to recover and to live normally after the disaster. Characteristics of respondents such as gender, deaths of beloved as well as social support are recognized to have relations with resilience of adolescents in coping with after effects of a disaster. Unfortunately, research about resilience of adolescents is infrequently conducted. Objective: To understand the relation between characteristics of respondents and social support with resilience as well as to describe resilience among adolescents after 7 years of eruption of Merapi in 2010 in permanent shelter of Wukirsari Village. Methods: This research was a descriptive quantitative research with cross sectional design method. Sample in this research consisted of 50 adolescents who lived in permanent shelter of Wukirsari Village. This study was conducted on January 2018. Sampling was performed by using The Child and Youth Resilience Measure 12, characteristics of respondents, The Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, and Instrumen Penilaian Stressor Psikososial. Data analysis in this research used independent sample T-Test and Spearman Rank. Results: The relation between characteristics of respondents (gender and the death of beloved) and resilience had significant value of p= 0,234 and p=0,305. The relation between social support and psychosocial stressor with resilience had significant value p=0,001 and p=0,531. The percentage of adolescents who had high level of resilience was 56% meanwhile percentage of adolescents whose low level of resilience was 44%. Conclusion: There are no significant relations between characteristics of respondents and psychosocial stressor with resilience. However, there is a positive relation between social support and resilience. Keywords: Resilience, adolescents, characteristics of respondents, social support

Kata Kunci : Resilience, remaja, karakteristik responden, dukungan sosial