Gambaran Perlekatan Ibu-Bayi selama Menyusui di Puskesmas Mantrijeron dan Umbulharjo 1

FAZA MAHARANI, Dr. Wenny Artanty Nisman, S.Kep., Ns., M.Kes.; Wiwin Lismidiati, S.Kep., Ns., M.Kep., Sp.Kep.Mat.

2018 | Skripsi | S1 ILMU KEPERAWATAN

Latar Belakang: Infeksi merupakan salah satu penyebab angka kematian bayi khususnya neonatus, yang dapat dicegah dengan metode pemberian Air Susu Ibu (ASI). Akan tetapi, saat ini cakupan pemberian ASI masih rendah. Salah satu hambatan menyusui yaitu kurangnya praktik perlekatan menyusui yang benar. Tujuan Penelitian: Mengetahui gambaran perlekatan ibu-bayi selama menyusui di Puskesmas Mantrijeron dan Umbulharjo 1. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif dengan rancangan cross sectional. Penelitian dilakukan pada September 2017 hingga Januari 2018, kepada seluruh ibu menyusui dengan bayi berusia 7-28 hari yang bertempat tinggal di sekitar Puskesmas Mantrijeron dan Umbulharjo 1. Sejumlah 50 subjek penelitian diambil menggunakan teknik non probability sampling sesuai kriteria inklusi-eksklusi. Pengambilan data menggunakan LATCH assessment tool. Hasil uji persamaan persepsi menggunakan uji Fleiss' Kappa sebesar 0,95. Analisis data menggunakan analisis deskriptif univariat dan uji Mann Whitney. Hasil: Nilai mean skor LATCH seluruh responden yaitu 8,34 ± 1,409 dari skor maksimal 10. Nilai mean setiap indikator LATCH yaitu latch (1,56 ± 0,611), audible swallowing (1,50 ± 0,647), type of nipple (1,96 ± 0,197), comfort (1,40 ± 0,535), dan hold (1,92 ± 0,274). Tidak terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan (p-value >0,05) antara perlekatan menyusui berdasarkan usia, tingkat pendidikan, jenis persalinan, pengalaman menyusui, dan pengalaman menerima informasi cara menyusui. Kesimpulan: Rata-rata skor LATCH ibu-bayi selama menyusui di Puskesmas Mantrijeron dan Umbulharjo 1 yaitu 8,34 ± 1,409 dari skor maksimal 10. Usia, tingkat pendidikan, jenis persalinan, pengalaman menyusui, dan pengalaman menerima informasi cara menyusui bukan merupakan faktor utama yang memengaruhi perlekatan menyusui.

Background: Infection is one of cause of infant mortality especially neonates, which can be prevented by breastfeeding method. However, recent data of breastfeeding scope is still low. One of breastfeeding obstacle is lack of the correct breastfeeding attachment. Objective: To understand the depiction of mother-baby attachment during breastfeeding in Mantrijeron and Umbulharjo 1 Peimary Health Center (PHC). Method: This study is descriptive quantitative study with cross sectional design. The study is conducted from September 2017 until January 2018. The population is breastfeeding mothers who have 7-28 days old babies that live near the PHC discussed. 50 study subjects were taken using non-probability sampling technique based on inclusion-exclusion criterias. The data is collected used LATCH assessment tool. The result of equality of perception's test that uses Fleiss' Kappa test is 0,95. The data is analyzed used descriptive univariate analysis and Mann Whitney test. Result: Mean value of the whole respondent's LATCH score is 8,34 ± 1,409 from 10 maximum score. Mean value of each LATCH indicators is latch (1,56 ± 0,611), audible swallowing (1,50 ± 0,647), type of nipple (1,96 ± 0,197), comfort (1,40 ± 0,535), and hold (1,92 ± 0,274). There is no significant difference (p-value >0,05) between breastfeeding attachments based on age, education level, type of labor, breastfeeding experience, and preceding breastfeeding education. Conclusions: The mother-baby's attachment average LATCH score in Mantrijeron and Umbulharjo 1 PHC is 8,34 ± 1,409 from 10 maximum score. Age, education level, type of labor, breastfeeding experience, and experience of receiving information on how to breastfeed are not the main factors that affect breastfeeding attachment.

Kata Kunci : LATCH, menyusui, perlekatan ibu-bayi