PENGARUH EKSTRAK ETANOL KUNYIT (Curcuma longa L) TERHADAP KETEBALAN ENDOMETRIUM DAN JUMLAH GLANDULA ENDOMETRIUM UTERUS TIKUS STRAIN SPRAGUE DAWLEY

YONANDA INTAN P, Dr. dr. Rul Afiyah Syarif, M.Kes.;Dr. Sri Herwiyanti, M.S.;dr. Nungki Anggorowati Sp.PA, Ph.D

2018 | Skripsi | S1 KEDOKTERAN

Latar Belakang : Curcuma longa L adalah family dari Zingiberaceae yang digunakan sebagai tanaman obat karena telah terbukti dapat digunakan sebagai antiinflamasi dan antikanker. C. longa L memiliki kandungan senyawa kimia didalamnya seperti polyphenols, sesquiterpenes, diterpenes, triterpenoids, sterols, and alkaloids. Kurkumin memiliki fungsi sebagai phytoestrogen (estrogen lemah). Oleh karena itu, penting untuk mengetahui pengaruh kunyit terhadap alat reproduksi wanita khususnya uterus. Tujuan : Dalam penelitian ini, akan dikaji pengaruh pemberian ekstrak etanol Curcuma longa L terhadap ketebalan endometrium dan jumlah glandula endometrium uterus tikus strain Sprague Dawley (SD). Metode : Tikus yang digunakan adalah tikus betina strain SD usia 6 minggu. Penelitian terbagi menjadi 4 kelompok, masing-masing kelompok terdiri atas 5 ekor tikus, 4 kelompok dibagi menjadi kelompok kontrol dan 3 kelompok uji yang diberi ekstrak etanol Curcuma longa L. peroral dengan dosis 200, 250 dan 300mg/kgBB selama 8 siklus estrus. Setelah 8 siklus estrus, tikus dibedah ketika fase proestrus dan diambil uterusnya. Uterus diwarnai dengan pewarnaan Hematoksilin-Eosin, dan diamati ketebalan endometrium dan jumlah glandula endometrium menggunakan mikroskop cahaya. Hasil : Semakin tinggi dosis ekstrak etanol C. longa, endometrium tikus menjadi lebih tipis daripada yang tidak diberi ekstrak etanol C. longa (P>0,05). Jumlah glandula yang diberikan ekstrak etanol C. longa 250 mg/kgBB lebih banyak tetapi jumlah glandula endometrium pada kelompok yang diberikan ekstrak etanol C. longa 200 dan 300mg/kgBB lebih sedikit daripada kelompok yang tidak diberi ekstrak etanol C. longa (P>0,05). Kesimpulan : Semakin tinggi pemberian dosis ekstrak etanol C. longa menunjukkan kecenderungan menurunkan ketebalan endometrium. Jumlah glandula endometrium tikus SD yang diberikan ekstrak etanol C. longa menunjukkan kecenderungan tidak meningkatkan jumlah glandula, kecuali pada pemberian dosis ekstrak etanol C. longa 250mg/kgBB, namun secara statistika tidak bermakna. Kata kunci : uterus, ekstrak etanol Curcuma longa L., endometrium, tikus strain Sprague Dawley.

Background : Curcuma longa L. (turmeric) is a family of Zingiberaceae commonly collected and used as a medical plant because it has been proven to use anticancer and antiinflamation. Curcuma longa L. especially curcumin contains chemical compound such as polyphenols, sesquiterpenes, diterpenes, triterpenoids, sterols, and alkaloids. Curcumin has a function as a phytoestrogen (a weak estrogen). Therefore, it is important to know the effect of turmeric in the female reproduction tract especially on uterus. Aims : Our research aimed to examine the effect of ethanolic extract of C. longa to the endometrial thickness and number of uterine endometrial gland of Sprague Dawley (SD) rat. Methods : Rats used in this study were female SD-strained rat (6 weeks old). The rats were divided into 4 groups, one group as a control group, and 3 groups as experimental groups, where these groups were given ethanolic extract of C. longa L. 200, 250, and 300mg/kgBW for 8 estrus cycles. In the state of proestrus phase, the rats were sacrificed and the uterus were taken. The uterus were stained with hematoxylin-eosin, and then observed the thickness of the endometrial and endometrial gland by light microscopy. Results : Higher dose of ethanolic extract of C. longa in the experimental group showed thinner endometrium than those group which are not given by the ethanolic extract of C. longa (P>0,05). The amount of endometrial glands that were given 250mg/kgBW dose of ethanolic extract of C. longa has been increased but on 200 and 300mg/kgBW dose group has been decreased than those group which are not given by the ethanolic extract of C. longa (P>0,05). Conclusion : Higher dosages of ethanolic extract of C. longa showed the tendency to reduce the thickness of endometrium. The endometrial glands that were given ethanolic extract of C. longa showed the tendency of being unaffected by the extract, except those given at doses of 250mg/kgBW. However, the statistical testing results are insignificant. Keywords : utery, ethanolic extract of Curcuma longa L, endometrium, Sprague Dawley rat.

Kata Kunci : Utery, ethanolic extract of Curcuma longa L, endometrium, Sprague Dawley rat.