Pemberian Pakan Na-Alginat dari Sargassum sp., Multivitamin dan Asam Amino untuk Meningkatkan Pertahanan Non Spesifik Seluler Lele Dumbo (Clarias sp.)

FAUZIA KEMALA PUSPA, Dr. Ir. Alim Isnansetyo, M.Sc

2018 | Skripsi | S1 AKUAKULTUR

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh Na-alginat, multivitamin dan asam amino sebagai imunostimulan yang diberikan secara oral terhadap parameter pertahanan nonspesifik seluler lele (Clarias sp.) serta dosis Na-alginat, multivitamin dan asam amino yang efektif untuk meningkatkan kekebalan tubuh nonspesifik seluler lele. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 6 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan. Kontrol negatif (tanpa penambahan) (P1), Na-alginat 4 g/kg pakan (P2), multivitamin 2 g/kg pakan (P3), asam amino (P4), Na-alginat 2 g/kg, multivitamin 1,25 g/kg dan asam amino 0,5 dosis pada perlakuan P4 (P5), Na-alginat 2 g/kg, multivitamin 1,25 g/kg dan asam amino seperti dosis pada perlakuan P4 (P6). Dosis asam amino yaitu Triptofan 1,2 g/kg pakan, Treonin 5,3 g/kg pakan, Metionin 5,6 g/kg pakan, Arginin 27,4 g/kg pakan, dan Lisin 19,1 g/kg pakan. Ikan dipelihara selama 12 hari dan pengujian dilakukan pada hari ke-0, 4, 8, dan 12. Pemberian pakan dilakukan dua kali sehari sebanyak 3% biomassa. Parameter yang diamati meliputi aktivitas fagositosis, indeks fagositosis, superoxyde dismutase (SOD), ledakan respirasi ektraseluler, diferensiasi leukosit, hematokrit dan leukokrit, dan kualitas air. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pemberian Na-alginat, multivitamin dan asam amino secara oral dapat meningkatkan parameter aktivitas fagositosis dan jumlah limfosit. Pemberian Na-alginat, multivitamin dan asam amino yang dapat meningkatkan parameter pertahanan seluler nonspesifik ikan lele secara efektif terdapat pada kombinasi dosis Na-alginat 2 g/kg, multivitamin 1,25 g/kg dan asam amino 0,5 dosis (P5). Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kombinasi alginat, multivitamin dan asam amino sangat prospektif untuk meningkatkan kekebalan tubuh lele.

The purpose of this study were to determine the effect of addition of Na-alginate, multivitamin and amino acid as an oral immunostimulant on the non-specific cellular immune of catfish as well as the dose of Na-alginate, multivitamin and amino acid that were effective to enhance the non-specific immunity of catfish. This study used Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 6 treatments and 4 replications. The treatment were negative controls (without addition) (P1), Na-alginate 4 g/kg of feed (P2), multivitamin 2 g/kg of feed (P3), amino acid (P4), Na-alginate 2 g/kg, multivitamin 1.25 g/kg and 0.5 dose of amino acid on treatment P4 (P5) , Na-alginate 2 g/kg, multivitamin 1.25 g/kg and amino acid such as doses of P4 treatment (P6). Dose of the amino acid is Tryptophan 1.2 g/kg of feed, Treonin 5.3 g/kg of feed, Methionine 5.6 g/kg of feed, Arginine 27.4 g/kg feed, and Lysine 19.1 g/kg of feed. The fish were reared for 12 days and the tests were performed on days 0, 4, 8, and 12. Feeding was done twice daily with a feeding rate of 3% biomass. The observed parameters included phagocytosis activity, phagocytosis index, superoxyde dismutase (SOD), extracellular respiratory burst, leukocyte differentiation, hematocrit and leukocrit, and water quality. The results showed that oral administration of Na-alginate, multivitamin and amino acid increased the parameters of phagocytosis activity and lymphocyte percentage. The administration of Na-alginate, multivitamin and amino acid which improved the non-specific cellular defense parameters of the catfish were found in a combination of 2 g/kg Na-alginate, multivitamin 1.25 g/kg and 0.5 dose of amino acid (P5). This study showed that the combination of alginate, multivitamins and amino acids was highly prospective for boosting the immune system of catfish.

Kata Kunci : alginat, imunostimulan, multivitamin, asam amino, pertahanan nonspesifik seluler