THE EFFECT OF KAOLINITE CONTENTS ON TENSILE AND FLEXURAL BEHAVIOR OF SALACCA FIBER-REINFORCED EPOXY/KAOLINITE HYBRID COMPOSITES

JUEVAXAIKI, Vixaichidxiong, Ir. Heru Santoso B.R., M.Eng., Ph.D.

2018 | Tesis | MAGISTER TEKNIK MESIN

Dewasa ini, serat alami memiliki kemungkinan yang tinggi sebagai material perkuatan komposit. Ia bisa meminimanlisir penggunanaan fiber sintetis. Serat alami memiliki perbedaan karakteristik dengan kebanyakan resin yang hydrophobic, tapi ramah lingkungan. Penggunaan filler pada material komposit muncul sebagai dampak dari meningkatnya permintaan untuk kemajuan material property dalam memenuhi kebutuhan pasar. Studi ini menampilkan efek dari kandungan Kaolinite terhadap tarik, lentur, dan karakteristik Salak serat/perkuatan Kaolinite komposit laminasi. Laminasi dibuat dengan hand lay-up dan cetakan. Partikel Kaolinite memiiki empat fraksi berat yang berbeda 1,3,6, dan 9 terhadap volume presentase yang digunakan untuk membuat laminasi komposit. Sampel disiapkan berdasarkan ASTM D638 dan D790 masing-masing tentang standar pengujian kuat tarik dan kuat lentur. Hasil diperoleh dari sampel yang memiliki partikel Kaolinite menunjukan peningkatan besar pada masing-masing kekuatan tarik, modulus lentur dan nilai kuat lentur dibandingkan dengan sampel tanpa Kaolinite didalamnya. Ini menunjukan perbedaan nilai pada setiap sampel seperti Neat Epoxy, resin/serat, resin/serat/Kaolinite. Penambahan Kaolinite pada komposit meningkatkan properti kuat tarik masing-masing 6.25, 9.01 persen, 47.9persen, dan 41.0persen yang diperoleh dari membandingkan sampel resin+fiber. Kuat lentur maksimal diperoleh dari 6 persen Kaolinite yang mengisi sampel balok sebesar 130.84 MPa, setelah 6 persen Kaolinite terisi, efek dari penambahan Kaolinite menurun. Ini menjelaskan bahwa penambahan Kaolinite bisa meningkatkan properti kuat tarik dari Salak serat antara persen hingga 6 persen. Pada kuat lentur, penambahan Kaolinite memberikan peningkatan yang sedikit pada komposit, hasil yang diperoleh dari sampel yang mengandung resin/serat/3persen Kaolinite adalah sebesar 174.1 MPa. Selain itu, hasil modulus lentur, persen jumlah Kaolinite berpengaruh sedikit dalam peningkatan kuat lentur. Ini dapat menjelaskan bahwa hubungan antara Kaolinite dan Epoxy Resin rendah.

Nowadays, the natural fiber has high opportunity to reinforce composite materials. It can minimize the use of synthetic fibers. Natural fiber has different characteristic with most resin are hydrophobic but environment friendly. The use of filler in composite materials is emerged as a result of increasing demand for the advancement in material properties to satisfy the market necessities. This study presents the effects of kaolinite inclusion on tensile, flexural and characteristics of Salacca fiber/kaolinite reinforced composite laminates. The laminates were fabricated by hand layup and moulding. Kaolinite particles having four different weight fractions as 1, 3, 6 and 9 by volume percentages were used for fabrication of composite laminates. The specimens were prepared according to ASTM D638 and D790 standards for tensile and flexural tests, respectively. Results obtained from specimens having Kaolinite particles showed the serious improvement on the tensile strength, flexural modulus and flexural strength values compared to specimens without kaolinite inclusion. It is shown the difference values of every specimens such as Neat epoxy, resin/fiber, resin/fiber/kaolinite. Kaolinite addition into the composite has increases the tensile properties as 6.52, 9.0 percent, 47.92 percent and 41.05 percent respectively were obtained when compared to the resin+fiber specimens. The maximum tensile strength value was obtained from 6 percent of kaolinite filled beam specimen as 130.84 MPa, after 6 vol% of kaolinite filled the effect of addition decreasing. This can be explained as kaolinite addition can improve tensile properties of Salacca fiber between 3 percent to 6 percent For the flexural strength, the addition of kaolinite gives little improvement in composite due to the result was obtained form specimens having resin/fiber/ 3 percent of kaolinite as 174.1 MPa. Differently from flexural modulus results, the 1percent kaolinite amount effected the flexural strength as a little increasing. This can be explained as weak interaction between kaolinite and epoxy resin.

Kata Kunci : Kaolinite, Salacca Fiber, Epoxy, Tensile, Flexural