The Adoption of Recording and Reporting Community-Based Nutritional App (e-PPGBM) by Primary Health Care in Serang District, Banten Province : An Implementation Research

DEWI AYU K, Dr.rer.nat.dr. BJ.Istiti Kandarina; dr. Lutfan Lazuardi, M.Kes., PhD

2018 | Tesis | MAGISTER ILMU KESEHATAN MASYARAKAT

Latar Belakang: Di Indonesia, prevalensi malnutrisi untuk anak dibawah usia lima tahun masih relatif tinggi yaitu 14,9% untuk kasus gizi kurang dan 3,8% untuk kasus gizi buruk. Provinsi Banten merupakan salah satu provinsi dengan jumlah kasus gizi buruk tertinggi. Beberapa daerah di Indonesia masih mengumpulkan dan melakukan diseminasi data secara manual terkait surveilans gizi. Selain itu, kemajuan proses pemasukan data gizi balita ke dalam aplikasi surveilans gizi yang baru, e-PPGBM, hanya sebesar 1% di Provinsi Banten pada tahun 2017. Menelaah hambatan-hambatan terkait e-PPGBM sangat penting untuk meningkatkan implementasi sistem tersebut. Tujuan: Untuk menilai dan mendeskripsikan adopsi dari implementasi e-PPGBM oleh Puskesmas di Kabupaten Serang, Provinsi Banten. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian implementasi menggunakan metode explanatory design dan diadakan di Kabupaten Serang, Provinsi Banten. Ada 34 dan 9 petugas kesehatan dari 31 Puskesmas terdaftar yang masing-masing secara berurutan dilibatkan dalam metode kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Data kuantitatif dikumpulan menggunakan kuesioner sedangkan data kualitatif menggunakan pendalaman wawancara. Result : Puskesmas di Kabupaten Serang berada pada kategori menengah pada hampir semua variabel kuantitatif dan kategori rendah pada penggunaan e-PPGBM (58,6%). Puskesmas di Kabupaten Serang mengalami kurangnya dukungan dari daerah kerja mereka, Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten, dan Kementerian Kesehatan; ketiadaan prosedur operasi standar/SOP dan buku petunjuk penggunaan, kurangnya tindak lanjut, pelatihan dan juga infrastruktur berupa internet dan komputer di departemen nutrisi di Puskesmas terkait implementasi e-PPGBM. Conclusion : Adopsi e-PPGBM pada Puskesmas di Kabupaten Serang masih tergolong rendah. Dibutuhkan dukungan dari pemerintah, seperti Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Serang, Kementerian Kesehatan dan dari manajemen di Puskesmas untuk menyediakan fasilitas dan tindak lanjut berkesinambungan terkait implementasi program ini.

Background : In Indonesia, malnutrition prevalence for children under five years old still in relative high number : 14,9% for undernutrition and 3,8% for severe undernutrition. Banten Province is one of the provinces who has highest number of undernutrition cases. Some of areas in Indonesia still collect and disseminate data related to nutrition surveillance manually. Furthermore, the entry of under-five nutrition data progress in Banten Province using new surveillance tool, e-PPGBM is still at 1% in 2017. Exploring the barriers regarding e-PPGBM are important to improve the implementation. Objectives : To assess and describe the adoption of e-PPGBM implementation by primary health care centers in Serang District, Banten Province. Method : This was an implementation research study using mix method explanatory design and conducted in Serang District, Banten Province. There were 34 and 9 health workers from 31 registered PHC involved in quantitative and qualitative method respectively. The quantitative data collected using self-administered questionnaire while the qualitative using in-depth interviews. Result : Primary health care centers in Serang District were in the moderate category for almost all quantitative variables and low in actual use of e-PPGBM (58,6%). Primary health care centers in Serang District experienced lack of support from their working area, district health office (DHO) and ministry of health (MoH); lack of standard operating procedure (SOP) and guidelines, follow up, training and also there were insufficient internet and computers in nutrition department in PHC to implement e-PPGBM. Conclusion : The adoption of e-PPGBM in primary health care centers in Serang District was low. Support from government i.e Serang District Health Office and Ministry of Health and from primary health care centers top management is required to provide facilities and continuous follow up.

Kata Kunci : nutrition, nutrition app, undernutrition, nutrition surveillance, e-PPGBM