PERSEPSI PERAWAT TENTANG SAFE HANDLING PRECAUTION DAN KETERSEDIAAN ALAT PELINDUNG DIRI DI PELAYANAN KEMOTERAPI RSUD SAIFUL ANWAR MALANG

ANISFUL LAILIL M, dr. Agus Surono, M.Sc., Ph.D., Sp.THT-KL(K); Christantie Effendy, S.Kp., M.Kes., Ph.D

2018 | Tesis | MAGISTER ILMU KESEHATAN MASYARAKAT

INTISARI Persepsi Perawat Tentang Safe Handling Precaution dan ketersediaan APD di Pelayanan Kemoterapi RSUD Saiful Anwar Malang Anisful Lailil Munawaroh1, Agus Surono2, Christantie Effendy3 1 Alamat email : [e-mail] 2 Departemen Perilaku Kesehatan, Lingkungan dan Kedokteran Sosial, Fakultas Kedokteran Kesehatan Masyarakat dan Keperawatan, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia 3 Departemen Keperawatan, Fakultas Kedokteran Kesehatan Masyarakat dan Keperawatan, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia Latar Belakang: Semakin tinggi prevalensi kanker menyebabkan perawat sering melakukan pemberian kemoterapi dan berisiko pada keselamatan dan kesehatan kerja. Tujuan: Mengeksplorasi persepsi perawat tentang safe handling precaution dengan menggunakan teori Health Belief Model (HBM) dan mengobservasi keetrsediaan APD di pelayanan kemoterapi. Metode: Penelitian kualitatif dengan desain studi kasus observasional. Informan utama 12 perawat di instalasi rawat inap (6 perawat di instalasi penyakit dalam dan 6 di pusat rawat inap pelayanan kemoterapi). Metode wawancara menggunakan indepth interview. Analisa data menggunakan model colaizzi. Hasil: Persepsi ancaman seperti risiko paparan kemoterapi, kerentanan, dan rasa takut. Persepsi dampak merupakan efek samping dari paparan kemoterapi. Persepsi faktor pendukung seperti iklim keselamatan kerja dan budaya kerja. Persepsi penghambat dari faktor individu dan organisasi. Persepsi perawat tentang manfaat belum sepenuhnya diyakini karena perlindungan APD dan lingkungan kerja belum sesuai standar. Persepsi penerapan APD belum terlaksana dengan baik karena adanya faktor penghambat. Ketersediaan APD kemoterapi belum mencukupi dan belum sesuai standar pelayanan kemoterapi. Kesimpulan : Faktor penghambat seperti kurangnya ketersediaan APD, beban kerja tinggi, tergesa-gesa, kurangnya pengetahuan bahaya paparan kemoterapi merupakan faktor yang dapat mempengaruhi safe handling precaution. Diperlukan peran institusi kesehatan untuk meningkatkan keselamatan dan kesehatan kerja pada perawat di pelayanan kemoterapi. Kata Kunci : perawat, kemoterapi, paparan, penelitian kualitatif, health belief model

ABSTRACT Nurse’s Perceptions about Safe Handling Precaution and Availability of Personal Protective Equipment in Chemoterapy Services General Region Hospital Saiful Anwar Malang Anisful Lailil Munawaroh1, Agus Surono2, Christantie Effendy3 1 Alamat email : [e-mail] 2 Department of Health Behavior, Environment and Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia 3 Department of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia Background: The higher prevalence of cancer caused nurses to frequently administer chemotherapy and risk to occupational safety and health. Objective: To explore the nurse's perception of safe handling precaution using the Health Belief Model (HBM) theory and to observe the availability of PPE in chemotherapy services. Method: Qualitative research with observational case study design. The key informants were 12 nurses at inpatient installations (6 nurses at the internal medicine installation and 6 in the inpatient center of chemotherapy service). Interview method using in depth interview. Data analized use colaizzi model. Results: Perceived susceptibility such as the risk of exposure to chemotherapy, vulnerability, and fear. Perceived severity such as side effects of exposure to chemotherapy. Perceived influences factor such as workplace safety climate and work culture. Perceived barriers were from individual and organizational factors. Perceived benefits were not yet fully believed because of PPE and the work environment is not accorded to the standard. Perceived of PPE implementation has not been done well because of the barrier factors. The availability of PPE chemotherapy has not been adequate and not yet in accorded to the standard of chemotherapy services. Conclusions: Barrier factors such as lack of PPE availability, high workload, haste, lack of knowledge of the dangers of exposure to chemotherapy are factors that could affect safe handling of precautions. Necessary role of health institutions to improved occupational safety and health of nurses in chemotherapy services. Keywords: nurse, chemotherapy, exposure, qualitative research, health belief model

Kata Kunci : nurse, chemotherapy, exposure, qualitative research, health belief model