PENGEMBANGAN INDIKATOR KEPEMIMPINAN PERAWAT DALAM PENANGGULANGAN BENCANA

YAYU NIDAUL F, Syahirul Alim, S.Kp. M.Sc, Ph.D ; Sri Warsini, S.Kep, Ns., M.Kes., Ph.D

2018 | Tesis | MAGISTER KEPERAWATAN

Latar Belakang: Perawat sebagai tenaga kerja kesehatan terbanyak sangat diharapkan keterlibatannya dalam penangggulangan bencana. Perawat dituntut mampu menampilkan kepemimpinan yang memungkinkan dirinya menghadapi situasi bencana secara efektif. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengembangkan indikator kepemimpinan perawat dalam penanggulangan bencana sebagai bagian dari tahap pengembangan candidate item instrumen. Metode: Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui in-depth interviews dan focus group discussion (FGD) pada bulan November 2017� Januari 2018. In-depth interviews dilakukan dengan menggunakan panduan wawancara semi terstruktur kepada 7 partisipan perawat di tiga Rumah Sakit (RS) di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta (DIY) dan FGD dilakukan kepada 5 partisipan pakar keperawatan dalam hal kebencanaan baik dosen ataupun perawat manajer. Partisipan dipilih menggunakan teknik purposive sampling berdasarkan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Analisis data in-depth interviews dan FGD menggunakan modified version framework method. Indikator didapatkan dari kategori hasil analisis. Hasil: Indikator kepemimpinan perawat terbagi kedalam 4 fase yaitu: mitigasi (26 indikator); kesiapsiagaan (20 indikator); respon (26 indikator); pemulihan dan rehabilitasi (22 indikator). Indikator pada masing-masing fase tersebut membentuk 3 komponen yaitu karakter, kompetensi dan peran pemimpin. Kesimpulan: Ada 70 indikator kepemimpinan perawat dalam penanggulangan bencana dan 8 indikator yang sama ada pada semua fase.

Background: Nurses as the largest group of health workforce are expected to be involved in disaster management. Nurses are required to demonstrate leadership that allows them to deal with disaster events in an effective way. The purpose of this study is to develop the indicator nurse leadership in disaster management as part of the process develop candidate item of instrument. Methods: This study used qualitative descriptive approach. Data are collected through in-depth interviews and focus group discussions (FGD) between November 2017 and January 2018. In-depth interviews conducted by using semi-structured interview towards seven participants of the nurse at three hospitals in Yogyakarta Special Province. FGD conducted to five participants of the nurse expert in disaster either lecturers or head nurse. The participants selected by using purposive sampling technique in accordance with the criteria of inclusion and exclusion. The data analyses of in-depth interviews and FGD used modified version framework method. Indicators obtained from the category of analysis results. Results: The indicators of nurse leadership which consist of 4 phases: mitigation (26 indicators); preparedness (20 indicators); response (26 indicators); recovery and rehabilitation (22 indicators). Indicators in each phase form three components those are the character, competence, and the role of leader. Conclusion: There are 70 indicators of nurse leadership in disaster management and 8 indicators available in every phase.

Kata Kunci : Disaster, Indicator, Leadership, Nurse.