PENGARUH MOLTING TERHADAP ULTRASTRUKTUR DAN KOMPOSISI UNSUR PENYUSUN CANGKANG LOBSTER HIJAU PASIR (Panulirus homarus Linnaeus, 1758)

HERI AJI NURCHOLIS, Drs. Trijoko, M.Si.

2018 | Skripsi | S1 BIOLOGI

Lobster merupakan komoditas laut yang memiliki nilai jual tinggi dan selalu mengalami kenaikan harga, khususnya lobster hijau pasir (P. homarus L., 1758). Agar pemanfaatan sumberdaya lobster di perairan Indonesia tetap lestari maka perlu dilakukan pengelolaan yang rasional dengan mempertimbangkan aspek biologis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh molting terhadap struktur dan komposisi unsur penyusun cangkang lobster hijau pasir (P. homarus L., 1758). Sampel yang digunakan berupa 35 lobster berukuran 50 - >250 g dan dipelihara dalam kolam pemeliharaan di Unit Kerja Budidaya Air Laut Sundak (UK BAL Sundak), Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan perbandingan data deskriptif terhadap cangkang lobster sebelum molting (proecdysis), 3-8 jam setelah molting (ecdysis), dan 3-4 hari setelah molting (postecdysis). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa cangkang proecdysis memiliki struktur yang lengkap dan ketebalan paling tinggi, dibanding cangkang kelompok lainnya (ecdysis dan postecdysis). Unsur seperti C, O, N, dan Ca paling banyak dijumpai di dalam cangkang lobster. Cangkang postecdysis memiliki rasio berat cangkang paling tinggi dibanding cangkang proecdysis dan ecdysis. Sedangkan daging pada lobster ecdysis memiliki rasio berat daging paling tinggi dibanding berat totalnya. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah fase-fase dalam molting mempengaruhi ultrastruktur dan komposisi unsur penyusun cangkang serta berat daging dan cangkang lobster.

The scalloped spiny lobster (P. homarus L., 1758), is a marine commodity that has a high selling value and its price always increases. In order for the sustainable utilization of lobster resources in Indonesian waters, it is necessary to conduct rational management by considering the biological aspects. This study aims to analyze the influence of molting on the structure and elements composition of the scalloped spiny lobsters shell (P. homarus L., 1758). Thirty five lobsters size 50 - >250 g were divided into five group based on size and reared in a fishpond at Sundak Marine Culture Station (UK BAL Sundak), Yogyakarta, Indonesia. In this study lobster shell before molting (proecdysis), 3-8 hours after molting (ecdysis), and 3-4 days after molting (postecdysis) were compared for its ultrastructe and elements composition. The results showed that the proecdysis shell has complete structure and the highest thickness compared to ecdysis and postecdysis shells. Elements such as C, O, N, and Ca were most abundant in lobster shell. Postecdysis shell have the highest shell weight ratio compared to the proecdysis and ecdysis shells. While the meat of ecdysis lobster has the highest weight ratio than the total weight. The conclusion of this study is the phases in molting affect ultrastructure and elements composition of the shell, as well as weight of lobster meat and shell.

Kata Kunci : Ultrastruktur, Unsur, Cangkang, Lobster, Panulirus homarus