HUBUNGAN BAYI BERAT LAHIR RENDAH DENGAN KEJADIAN IKTERUS NEONATORUM DI RUMAH SAKIT UMUM DAERAH WONOSARI

ANNISA SUCI WAMIA, Mumtihana Muchlis, SST., M.Kes Fitra Duhita, M.Keb

2018 | Tugas Akhir | D4 BIDAN PENDIDIK

Kejadian ikterus neonatorum di Indonesia masih tinggi yaitu 51,4% dan menjadi salah satu penyebab kematian bayi. Ikterus neonatorum adalah warna kuning yang muncul dikulit dan sklera akibat kadar bilirubin yang berlebih. Peningkatan kadar bilirubin yang berlebih dapat dipengaruhi oleh berbagai faktor meliputi bayi berat lahir rendah (BBLR), prematuritas, rendah asupan ASI, hipoglikemia, asfiksia dan hipotermi. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan antara berat bayi lahir rendah dengan kejadian ikterus nenonatorum di RSUD Wonosari. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah cross sectional dengan pendekatan analitik. Besar sampel sebanyak 108 responden dengan teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan Systematic Random Sampling. Penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder yang diperoleh dari rekam medis kemudian dianalisis menggunakan uji Chi-Square. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan dari 108 responden, bayi yang mengalami bayi berat lahir rendah sebesar 77,8%, ikterus neonatorum 72,2%, dan bayi berat lahir rendah yang mengalami ikterus neonatorum sebesar 62%. Analisis data menggunakan uji Chi-Square ( alfa = 0,05) didapatkan p-value = 0,001 < alfa = 0,05 maka H0 ditolak. Sehingga terdapat hubungan antara bayi berat lahir rendah dengan kejadian ikterus neonatorum. Hasil uji stastistik didapatkan Odds Ratio (OR) bayi berat lahir rendah memiliki risiko 4,6 kali mengalami ikterus neonatorum dengan 95% CI (1,777-12,205).

The precentage of neonatal jaundice incidence in Indonesia is still in the high level of rate which has as much as 51.4%. This becames one of the cause of death. Jaundice neonatorum is a yellow color that appears in skin and sclera due to excess bilirubin levels. Increased levels of excess bilirubin may be influenced by various neonate factors including low birth weight, prematurity, low intake of breast milk, hypoglycemia, asphyxia and hypothermia. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between low birth weight babies and the incidence of jaundice nenonatorum in Wonosari Hospital. The research design used was a cross sectional with analytic approach. Sample accounted for the research were 108 respondents applying Systematic Random Sampling technique. Furthermore, this study had taken from secondary data obtained from medical record then analyzed by using Chi-Square test. The study results from 108 respondents showed that low birth weight babies accounted for 77,8%, with the rate of low birth babbies with neonatorum jaundice was 72,2%, while low birth weight infant with neonatorum jaundice was 762%. By data analysis using Chi-Square test showed that (alfa= 0,05) got p-value = 0,001 < alfa = 0,05, hence H0 was rejected. The conclusion from the researsh describes that there is a relationship between low birth weight babies with the incidence of jaundice neonatorum. Statistical results obtained Odds Ratio (OR) low birth weight babies have a risk of 4.6 times with neonatal jaundice with 95% CI (1.777-12.205).

Kata Kunci : BBLR, Ikterus Neonatorum, LBW, Jaundice Neonatorum