KOMPOSISI DAN STRUKTUR TUMBUHAN BAWAH DI KAWASAN SUAKA MARGASATWA PALIYAN, GUNUNGKIDUL

VIKA BAYU IRIYANTO PUTRO, Prof. Dr. Ir. H Djoko Marsono

2018 | Skripsi | S1 KEHUTANAN

Suaka Margasatwa Paliyan terletak di Kabupaten Gunungkidul, Yogyakarta. Suaka Margasatwa ini memiliki luas total 434,60 ha. Penelitian tentang komposisi dan struktur tumbuhan bawah di kawasan Suaka Margasatwa Paliyan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui komposisi, kelimpahan, keanekaragaman dan klasifikasi komposisi tumbuhan bawah di kawasan Suaka Margasatwa Paliyan. Penelitian ini dilakukan di kawasan Suaka Margasatwa Paliyan pada bulan Februari 2018. Pengamatan komunitas tumbuhan bawah dengan metode kuadrat berukuran 2 m x 2 m. Peletakan petak ukur dilapangan dengan metode systematic sampling with random start. Data yang diambil seperti jenis tumbuhan bawah, jumlah tumbuhan bawah. Jarak antar petak ukur 200 m dan jumlah petak ukur 110. Pengambilan data dilakukan mengidentifikasi jenis dan jumlah tumbuhan bawah. Analisis data mengunakan INP, indeks keanekaragaman Shannon, indeks kesamaan komunitas, analisis kluster. Hasil dari analisis menunjukan Komposisi tumbuhan bawah di kawasan SM Paliyan ditemukan 56 jenis dan 25 famili. Tumbuhan bawah yang mendominasi dengan nilai kelimpahan di kawasan SM Paliyan adalah jenis Kerinyu (Chromolaena odorata (L.) R.M.King & H.Rob.) sebesar 43,096%. Tumbuhan bawah dengan komposisi terendah diberbagai tipe komunitas adalah Oldenlandia corymbosa L dan Ipomoea triloba L. sebesar 0,233%. Keanekaragaman tumbuhan bawah di berbagai tipe komunitas adalah Tegakan Gamal sebesar 2, Ladang sebesar 3,22, Semak sebesar 2,24, Tegakan Sonokeling sebesar 2,07, Tegakan Campuran sebesar 2,69, Tegakan Jati sebesar 3,18 dan Tegakan Mangium sebesar 1,94 berdasarkan indeks keanekaragaman shannon tergolong sedang sampai tinggi. Keanekaragaman tumbuhan bawah di kawasan SM Paliyan sebesar 2,814 berdasarkan nilai indeks keanekaragaman Shannon tersebut tergolong sedang. Klasifikasi tumbuhan bawah di kawasan SM Paliyan memiliki 7 tipe komunitas dibagi menjadi 3 kluster. Kluster 1 terdiri dari tipe komunitas tegakan gamal. Kluster 2 terdiri dari tipe komunitas tegakan jati, ladang, sonokeling, tegakan campuran dan semak. Kluster 3 terdiri dari tipe komunitas tegakan mangium.

Paliyan Wildlife Reserve located in Yogyakarta Province precisely in Gunungkidul District. This Wildlife Reserve has a total area of 434.60 ha. This research is about composition and structure of undergrowth plants. The aims for this research are to determine the composition, abundance, diversity and classification of the composition of the undergrowth plants in Paliyan Wildlife Reserve. This research was conducted in Paliyan Wildlife Reserve. This research was conducted in February 2018. Observation of undergrowth plants communities used quadratic method measuring 2 m x 2 m. Laying plot measuring field with systematic sampling with random start. Observation variable such as undergrowth plants species and number of undergrowth plants. The distance between plots is 200 m and the number of observation plot scare 110 plots. Data collection was done by identifying undergrowth plants species, and the number of undergrowth plants. Data analysis using IVI, Shannon diversity index, community equality index, and cluster analysis. Based on data analysis, the results showed that the composition of undergrowth plants in Paliyan Wildlife Reserve area, are consist of 56 species and 25 families. Undergrowth plants that dominate with abundance value in Paliyan Wildlife Reserve area are Kerinyu (Chromolaena odorata (L.) R.M.King & H.Rob.), which has a value of 43,096%. Undergrowth plants with the lowest composition in various community types are Oldenlandia corymbosa L and Ipomoea triloba L. of 0.233%. The diversity of undergrowth plants in various types of communities are Gamal Stands amounted to 2, Fields amounted to 3.22, Shrubs amounted to 2.24, Sonokeling Stands amounted to 2.07, Mixed Stands amounted to 2.69, Teak Stands amounted to 3.18 and Mangium Stands amounted to 1 , 94 based on the Shannon diversity index is medium to high. The diversity of undergrowth plants in the Paliyan area is 2.814 based on the Shannon diversity index value being medium. The classification of undergrowth plants in Paliyan Wildlife Reserve area has 7 community types, which divided into 3 clusters. First cluster consists of gamal stands community type. Second cluster consists of teak stands, fields, sonokeling, mixed stands and shrubs community types. Third cluster consists of mangium stands community type.

Kata Kunci : Komposisi, Struktur, Tumbuhan Bawah, Suaka Margasatwa Paliyan