Larva Trematoda pada Siput Air Tawar di Areal Persawahan Wilayah Kabupaten Sleman, Kota Yogyakarta dan Kabupaten Bantul, Provinsi Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta

DYAN ANTIKA KUSUMA D, Soenarwan Hery Poerwanto, S.Si., M.Kes.

2018 | Skripsi | S1 BIOLOGI

Trematoda subclass Digenea memiliki siklus hidup yang sebagian besar melibatkan Mollusca sebagai intermediate host pada stadia larva yang berupa sporokista, redia dan serkaria. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui populasi larva Trematoda yang menginfeksi siput air tawar di areal persawahan. Sampel siput air tawar dikoleksi dari 8 areal persawahan yang dipilih secara acak di wilayah Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Pemeriksaan larva Trematoda menggunakan cara pengamatan langsung di bawah mikroskop cahaya. Hasil pemeriksaan siput air tawar yang ditemukan pada areal persawahan dan dapat menjadi intermediate host trematoda adalah Lymnaea sp., Pomacea canaliculata dan Brotia sp. Stadium larva Trematoda yang ditemukan adalah stadia sporokista, redia, serkaria tipe Leptocercous, dan serkaria tipe Furcocercous. Stadium larva trematoda yang paling banyak ditemukan pada siput air tawar adalah stadium serkaria tipe Furcocercous pada areal persawahan wilayah Sleman. Faktor lingkungan seperti kompatibilitas siput air tawar dan densitas populasi siput air tawar mempengaruhi populasi larva Trematoda pada suatu areal persawahan.

Trematode subclass Digenea have a life cycle which involving Mollusca host as intermediate host, with larval stages such as miracidium, sporocyst, redia, cercariae, and metacercariae. In this study, trematode larvae population in the infected freshwater snail on rice fields area was investigated. This study used direct observation method under light microscope. Freshwater snail was collected from 8 different rice fields area, selected randomly in Yogyakarta Special Administrative Region. From this study, the freshwater snails that could be collected and could be an intermediate host of trematode were Lymnaea sp., Pomacea canaliculata and Brotia sp. Larval stage that was founded in the infected freshwater snails were sporocyst, redia, Leptocercous cercariae, and Furcocercous cercariae. The biggest trematode larvae population was on rice fields area in Sleman Regency, with the most found larval stage in there was Furcocercous cercariae. Environmental factors like snail’s compatibility and population density of freshwater snails could affect the population of trematode larvae on rice fields area.

Kata Kunci : larva Trematoda, siput air tawar, populasi, faktor lingkungan